Defining ROS in Biology and Medicine.

React Oxyg Species (Apex)

Department of Environmental Health Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Published: January 2016

Utilization of molecular oxygen by aerobic organisms inevitably results in the formation of a number of oxygen-containing reactive species that are collectively known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS play important roles in both physiology and pathophysiology of aerobic life. The field of 'ROS biology and medicine' deals with the involvement of ROS and related species in contemporary biology and medicine. The purpose of this article is to survey common terms and concepts in ROS biology and medicine. It also introduces the 'ROS paradigm' so as to provide a conceptual framework for understanding the rapidly evolving field of ROS biology and medicine.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5921829PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.20455/ros.2016.803DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

biology medicine
16
ros biology
12
biology
5
ros
5
defining ros
4
medicine
4
medicine utilization
4
utilization molecular
4
molecular oxygen
4
oxygen aerobic
4

Similar Publications

Mutations in the human genes encoding the endothelin ligand-receptor pair and cause Waardenburg-Shah syndrome (WS4), which includes congenital hearing impairment. The current explanation for auditory dysfunction is defective migration of neural crest-derived melanocytes to the inner ear. We explored the role of endothelin signaling in auditory development in mice using neural crest-specific and placode-specific mutation plus related genetic resources.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The / gene, linked to fine motor control in vertebrates, is a potential candidate gene thought to play a prominent role in human language production. It is expressed specifically in a subset of corticothalamic (CT) pyramidal cells (PCs) in layer 6 (L6) of the neocortex. These L6 FOXP2+ PCs project exclusively to the thalamus, with L6a PCs targeting first-order or both first- and higher-order thalamic nuclei, whereas L6b PCs connect only to higher-order nuclei.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Abundant repressor binding sites in human enhancers are associated with the fine-tuning of gene regulation.

iScience

January 2025

Computational Biology Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

The regulation of gene expression relies on the coordinated action of transcription factors (TFs) at enhancers, including both activator and repressor TFs. We employed deep learning (DL) to dissect HepG2 enhancers into positive (PAR), negative (NAR), and neutral activity regions. Sharpr-MPRA and STARR-seq highlight the dichotomy impact of NARs and PARs on modulating and catalyzing the activity of enhancers, respectively.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Mechanism of hsa_circ_0069443 promoting early pregnancy loss through ALKBH5/FN1 axis in trophoblast cells.

iScience

January 2025

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China.

Studies have shown that circRNAs play an important regulatory role in trophoblast function and embryonic development. Based on sequencing and functional experiments, we found that hsa_circ_0069443 can regulate the function of trophoblast cells, and its presence is found in the exosomes secreted by trophoblast cells. It is known that exosomes mediate the interaction between the uterus and embryo, which is crucial for successful pregnancy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Over the last decade, Hippo signaling has emerged as a major tumor-suppressing pathway. Its dysregulation is associated with abnormal expression of and -family genes. Recent works have highlighted the role of YAP1/TEAD activity in several cancers and its potential therapeutic implications.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!