Opto-electronic characterization of third-generation solar cells.

We present an overview of opto-electronic characterization techniques for solar cells including light-induced charge extraction by linearly increasing voltage, impedance spectroscopy, transient photovoltage, charge extraction and more. Guidelines for the interpretation of experimental results are derived based on charge drift-diffusion simulations of solar cells with common performance limitations. It is investigated how nonidealities like charge injection barriers, traps and low mobilities among others manifest themselves in each of the studied cell characterization techniques. Moreover, comprehensive parameter extraction for an organic bulk-heterojunction solar cell comprising PCDTBT:PCBM is demonstrated. The simulations reproduce measured results of 9 different experimental techniques. Parameter correlation is minimized due to the combination of various techniques. Thereby a route to comprehensive and accurate parameter extraction is identified.