Glyphosate is the world's most widely used herbicide; popular due to its relative low cost, low toxicity, and high efficacy in controlling most common weed species. Genetic engineering of crop seeds to be glyphosate-tolerant has facilitated the modern global agricultural practice whereby both weeds and crops are treated with herbicide, while only the crops survive. However, due to extreme selective pressure, glyphosate-resistant (GR) weed species are now found with increasing frequency in nature, threatening the dominant weed management system used in large-scale agriculture across much of the globe. In vivo NMR studies of plants have facilitated the discovery and understanding of the glyphosate-resistance mechanism of the multi-continent, highly invasive weed species, GR horseweed Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. and GR ryegrass (Lolium spp.). This study exemplifies how in vivo NMR spectroscopy can be used to better understandherbicide-associated metabolic alterations observed in living plants, which poses a significant threat to modern agriculture as it is currently practiced.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2018.03.008 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Background: Despite amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles being recognized as major Alzheimer's Disease (AD) hallmarks, their synergistic contribution to neuronal activity remains unclear. We developed a neuroimaging-based personalized brain activity model to assess the in-vivo functional impact of AD pathophysiology. In previous reports, model-inferred neuronal excitability predicted disease progression (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Background: In-vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has recently shown that patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) exhibit degeneration of the cholinergic nucleus basalis of Meynert and its white matter (WM) projections through the cingulum and external capsule pathways. Here, we propose an imaging-pathologic validation study aimed at investigating cholinergic WM pathways using post-mortem MRI of autopsy-confirmed AD, Lewy body dementia (LBD), and other neurodegenerative diseases (OTH).
Method: We included 53 brain donors (34 AD, 10 LBD, and 9 OTH, mainly including frontotemporal lobe degeneration and vascular disease, Table 1).
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are increasingly recognized for their role in cognitive decline and the progression of neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite advances in imaging technologies, the exact contribution of WMHs to disease processes remains a subject of ongoing research. This study aims to apply machine learning approaches to determine critical features of AD-related neuropathologies in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
Background: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) exhibits isoform-specific interactions with Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pathology. In comparison with the more common ApoE3 isoform, ApoE4 promotes amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, enhances tau-mediated neurodegeneration and inflammation. However, the lack of appropriate preclinical models has limited the ability to evaluate the potential synergistic effect of Aβ, tau and ApoE on cognition and disease progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Biofluidic biomarkers concord with postmortem molecular studies, suggesting that the endosomal recycling pathway regulated by SORL1's interaction with the retromer protein VPS2b is commonly disrupted in late-onset, 'sporadic', Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, a program for developing a neuroimaging-based biomarker will be reviewed. The program is anchored by findings in support of the conclusion that, because of its distinct network properties, the trans-entorhinal cortex is heavily dependent on the recycling pathway.
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