AI Article Synopsis
- - This study investigated how cadmium (Cd) affects sperm motility, protein phosphorylation, and the location of these proteins in mouse sperm using various scientific techniques.
- - The results showed that higher concentrations of Cd significantly reduced sperm motility and increased the phosphorylation of specific proteins (~55 kDa) found mainly in the middle section of sperm.
- - The presence of ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) helped to prevent the effects of Cd, suggesting it might protect against sperm motility reduction by chelating Cd ions and blocking their entry into sperm cells.
Article Abstract
In this study, we explored the effects of cadmium (Cd) on mouse sperm motility parame-ters, protein tyrosine phosphorylation and the location of tyrosine-phosphorylated targets using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), western blot (WB) and immunofluorescence technique coupled to sperm in vitro culture method, respectively. The results showed sperm motility was inhibi-ted by Cd in a dose-dependent manner and when Cd increased to 1.0 μmol·L, sperm motility was inhibited significantly (P<0.05). Simultaneously, protein tyrosine phosphorylation was enhanced by Cd and in particular, the tyrosine phosphorylation of ～55 kDa proteins was greatly promoted when Cd concentrations were greater or equal to 1.0 μmol·L (P<0.05). Importantly, these tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins were mainly localized in the middle piece of mouse sperm. However, when sperm was incubated with 30 μmol·L ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and 10 μmol·L Cd concurrently, both the tyrosine phosphorylation of ～55 kDa proteins and sperm motility were not changed obviously (P>0.05). These results suggested that Cd may inhibit sperm motility by inducing the tyrosine phosphorylation of ～55 kDa proteins in the middle piece and EGTA could chelate Cd ions to relieve its toxicity. This study demonstrated that Cd induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of a specific subset of proteins and thus decreased sperm motility. Interes-tingly, EGTA acted as an inhibitor to block Cd from entering the sperm, which provided a novel research method for revealing the molecular mechanisms of reproductive toxicity caused by Cd.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.201612.001 | DOI Listing |
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