Importance of chance, finiteness, and history in evolution is pointed out with special reference to the neutral theory.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy087 | DOI Listing |
J Chem Phys
December 2024
Faculty of Computer Science, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
We show that the resolution-dependent loss of bimolecular reactions in spatiotemporal Reaction-Diffusion Master Equations (RDMEs) is in agreement with the mean-field Collins-Kimball (C-K) theory of diffusion-limited reaction kinetics. The RDME is a spatial generalization of the chemical master equation, which enables studying stochastic reaction dynamics in spatially heterogeneous systems. It uses a regular Cartesian grid to partition space into locally well-mixed reaction compartments and treats diffusion as a jump reaction between neighboring grid cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
October 2024
Intelligent Semiconductor Engineering Department, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea.
Hybrid bonding technology has recently emerged as a promising solution for advanced semiconductor packaging technologies. However, several reliability issues still pose challenges for commercialization. In this study, we investigated the possibility of crack formation caused by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) defects and the misalignment of the hybrid bonding structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed
November 2024
Paediatrics and Newborn Medicine, The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Objective: Early hypoglycaemia at the time of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission is common in very/extreme preterm infants. This study aimed to determine whether buccal dextrose gel in the delivery room (DR) would improve rates of early hypoglycaemia in this population.
Design: Randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled trial.
R Soc Open Sci
October 2024
Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
Spider orb web is a sophisticated structure that needs to fulfil multiple roles, such as trapping prey and transmitting web-borne signals. When building their web, heavier spiders tend to increase the pretension on the web, which seems counterintuitive since a tighter web would decrease the chances of stopping and retaining prey. In this article, we claim that heavier orb-weaving spiders increase tension on the web in order to reduce the attenuation of the vibratory signal coming from the bottom part of the web.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioengineering (Basel)
August 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
The fallopian tubes are essential for human fertility, facilitating the movement of sperm and oocytes to the fertilization site and transporting fertilized oocytes to the uterus. Infertility can result from changes in the fallopian tubes due to tubal endometriosis and women's aging. In this study, we modeled human fallopian tubes with and without endometriosis for different women's age groups to evaluate the chances of normal sperm cells reaching the fertilization site and oocytes arriving at the uterine cavity.
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