Purpose Of Review: To review recent evidence for the role of dietary carbohydrate in de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Recent Findings: A large body of evidence suggests that increased hepatic DNL is a significant pathway contributing to the development of NAFLD. Dietary carbohydrates, in particular, fructose, have been shown to stimulate DNL and increase liver fat, although it is debated whether this is due to excess energy or fructose per se. Recent dietary intervention studies conducted in energy balance show that high-fructose diets increase DNL and liver fat, whereas fructose restriction decreases DNL and liver fat.
Summary: The association of high-carbohydrate and high-sugar diets with NAFLD may in part be explained by the effect of sugar on increasing hepatic DNL.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000000469 | DOI Listing |
Food Chem
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Foods for Health Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA. Electronic address:
Carbohydrates are an integral part of a healthy diet. The molecular compositions of carbohydrates encompass a very broad range of unique structures with many being ill-defined. This vast structural complexity is distilled into vague categories such as total carbohydrates, sugars, starches, and soluble/insoluble fibers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Equine Vet Sci
January 2025
School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 175 West Campus Dr., Blacksburg, VA, USA, 24061. Electronic address:
Our objectives were to use a quantitative literature review to explore dietary and feed factors influencing apparent total-tract digestibility of dry matter (DMD), crude protein (CPD), neutral detergent fiber (NDFD), ether extract (EED), non-structural carbohydrates (NSCD), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFCD), and residual organic matter (rOMD) in equine diets, and to assess their contributions to digestible energy (DE) supplies. Data from 54 studies were modeled using linear mixed-effect regressions, with publication as a random effect to account for study variability. For each nutrient, five models were derived with explanatory variables including: dry matter intake (DMI; % BW/day) and DM (% as-fed), and dietary components (CP, organic matter, EE, NDF, acid detergent fiber, NSC, starch, and NFC as % of DM), and feed types (forage, non-forage fiber, legumes, cereal, and oil proportions).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants (Basel)
January 2025
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Gral. Ramón Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan 45121, Mexico.
In this work, extracts from the pulp, peel, and seed of were obtained via lyophilization and oven drying. Bromatological analyses were performed to investigate variabilities in the nutritional content of fruits after nine post-harvest days. The phytochemical content of fruits was assessed by gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID), and their biological performance was studied using antibacterial and antioxidant assays (DPPH and ABTS) and toxicity models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY 10021, USA.
Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune pigmentation disorder shaped by a complex interplay of genetic predispositions and environmental triggers. While conventional therapies-phototherapy, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants-can be effective, their benefits are often partial and temporary, with recurrence common once treatment stops. As such, there is increasing interest in exploring complementary approaches that may offer a more sustainable impact.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
January 2025
Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Background/objectives: Diet composition is important for health, especially during critical periods such as pre-gestation (P), gestation (G), or lactation (S), due to its potential impact not only on the mother but on the offspring. The Mediterranean diet includes many healthy foods rich in fiber and/or polyphenols, such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables, beans, and nuts. The present preclinical study assesses the impact of a diet rich in fiber and polyphenols (HFP diet) during one of those three periods (P, G, or S, three weeks each) on the rat gene expression of the small intestine obtained at the end of the lactation period.
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