The main function of the microcirculatory bed consists in maintaining tissue homeostasis at an optimal level irrespective of the effect of various external and internal factors. Of all types of metabolism (diffusive, filtration-reabsorption and vesicular), directly dependent on the haemodynamic parameters is filtration-reabsorption metabolism which provides exchange of water, low-molecular-weight and water-soluble substances at the opposite to the heart «pole» of the cardiovascular system. The present study was aimed at testing a hypothesis that activation of metabolic processes in man would be accompanied by alterations in haemodynamic parameters which may be registered by means of modern non-invasive methods of examination, i. e., laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and computer-assisted capillaroscopy (CCS). We used actovegin as an activator of metabolic processes. The study included acute pharmacological testing in apparently healthy volunteers (n=28), a course of taking actovegin in patients with cognitive dysfunctions on the background of arterial hypertension (n=60) and in patients with chronic ischaemia of the lower limbs (n=80). The obtained findings of LDF and CCS demonstrated that the known metabolic effects of actovegin (improved utilization of oxygen and glucose by tissues) were accompanied by an increase in the number of functioning capillaries, increased velocity of capillary blood flow with a decrease in the degree of hydration of the interstitial space, thus reducing the «blood-cell» distance for nutrients and products of tissue metabolism. Improvement of capillary blood flow was determined by a decrease in the tonicity of the capillary sphincters, thus leading to reduced arteriolar-venular shunting of blood with predominant supply to the capillary bed, improved NO-mediated regulation of the value of the lumen of the precapillary arterioles by the microvascular endothelium, improved reaction of resistant microvessels to various dilatation stimuli. The obtained results make it possible to draw a conclusion that modern non-invasive methods of study of human microcirculation (LDF and CCS) are informative not only for assessment of the functional state of the microcirculatory bed of the skin but make it possible to evaluate efficacy of the filtration-reabsorption mechanism of metabolism.
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Adv Skin Wound Care
January 2025
Keith Gordon Harding, Mb ChB, CBE, FRCGP, FRCP, FRCS, FLSW, is Professor Emeritus Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; Adjunct Professor Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; and Co-Founder and Editor in Chief of the International Wound Journal. Melissa Blow, BSc, is Principal Podiatrist, South East Wales Vascular Network, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Cardiff, Wales. Faye Ashton, BSc, is Vascular Research Nurse, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield University Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom. David Bosanquet, MD, is Consultant Vascular Surgeon, South East Wales Vascular Network, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board. Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge the assistance of Firstkind Ltd, Hawk House, Peregrine Business Park, Gomm Road, High Wycombe, United Kingdom HP13 7DL for sponsoring the study (grant ref: FSK-SPECKLE-001) and provided the NMES devices for the trial. Keith Harding has received payments for consulting work from Firstkind Ltd. The authors have disclosed no other financial relationships related to this article. Submitted November 28, 2023; accepted in revised form April 17, 2024.
Objective: To determine if intermittent neuromuscular electrostimulation (NMES) of the common peroneal nerve increases microvascular flow and pulsatility in and around the wound bed of patients with combined venous and arterial etiology.
Methods: Seven consenting participants presenting with mixed etiology leg ulcers participated in this study. Microvascular flow and pulsatility was measured in the wound bed and in the skin surrounding the wound using laser speckle contrast imaging.
J Biophotonics
November 2024
R&D Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Orel, Russia.
This study explored the effects of 1267 nm laser irradiation on changes in blood flow parameters and activation of the regulatory mechanisms of the microcirculatory bed (MCB). Using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) technique and time-frequency analysis of perfusion signals, changes in the MCB of 16 healthy volunteers, targeting the distal phalanx of the third finger with 1267 nm laser irradiation were evaluated. Results indicated no significant differences in perfusion between control and target measurements, likely due to blood flow redistribution caused by vessel dilation/constriction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Med Biol
November 2024
School of Engineering & Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom.
Georgian Med News
October 2024
Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine.
Unlabelled: Smoking is one of the most common harmful habits that can lead to the development of pathological processes in various organs and systems. At the same time, smoking in childhood and adolescence especially contributes to the deterioration of the general somatic condition, increases the risk and determines the severity of the course of respiratory diseases, which in the future has an impact on the development and functioning of the respiratory system, becomes the cause of dependent conditions and complicates the course of accompanying pathology. It is believed that disruption of the microcirculatory channel can be one of the key links in the development of pathological processes in the oral cavity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrocirculation
November 2024
Bioengineering Program, DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA.
Objective: Neovascularization has been extensively studied because of its significant role in both physiological processes and diseases. The significance of vascular microfluidic platforms lies in its essential role in recreating an in vitro environment capable of supporting cellular and tissue systems through the process of neovascularization. Biomechanical properties in a tissue engineered system use fluid flow and transport properties to recapitulate physiological systems.
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