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Causal inference of whole-grain foods' risk based on a generative adversarial network and Bayesian network.
J Food Sci
January 2025
School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
Whole-grain foods (WGFs) constitute a large part of humans' daily diet, making risk identification of WGFs important for health and safety. However, existing research on WGFs has paid more attention to revealing the effects of a single hazardous substance or various hazardous substances on food safety, neglecting the mutual influence between individual hazardous substances and between hazardous substances and basic information. Therefore, this paper proposes a causal inference of WGFs' risk based on a generative adversarial network (GAN) and Bayesian network (BN) to explore the mutual influence between hazardous substances and basic information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRisk-Based Screening of Atrial Fibrillation in General Practice (R-BEAT): A randomised Cross-over Trial.
QJM
January 2025
HRB Clinical Research Facility Galway, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Background: The optimal approach to the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation in primary care is unclear.
Aim: To determine if external loop recorder (ELR) screening improves atrial fibrillation detection in community dwelling adults with a CHA2DS2-VASc score of greater than two.
Design: Randomised cross-over clinical trial.
Background: Risk-based analyses are increasingly popular for understanding heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE) in clinical trials. For time-to-event analyses, the assumption that high-risk patients benefit most on the clinically important absolute scale when hazard ratios (HRs) are constant across risk strata might not hold. Absolute treatment effects can be measured as either the risk difference (RD) at a given time point or the difference in restricted mean survival time (ΔRMST) which aligns more closely with utilitarian medical decision-making frameworks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating the Use of Environmental and Polygenic Risk Scores to Inform Colorectal Cancer Risk-Based Surveillance Intervals.
Clin Transl Gastroenterol
December 2024
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
Introduction: United States Multi-Society Task Force colonoscopy surveillance intervals are based solely on adenoma characteristics, without accounting for other risk factors. We investigated whether a risk model including demographic, environmental, and genetic risk factors could individualize surveillance intervals under an "equal management of equal risks" framework.
Methods: Using 14,069 individuals from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial who had a diagnostic colonoscopy following an abnormal flexible sigmoidoscopy, we modeled the risk of colorectal cancer, considering the diagnostic colonoscopy finding, baseline risk factors (e.
Bioanalytical Method Comparison Strategy for Clinical Anti-drug Antibody Immunoassays.
AAPS J
December 2024
Bioanalytical Sciences, Genentech, Inc, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California, 94080, USA.
Per FDA guidance, method comparability should be established if an anti-drug antibody (ADA) assay is run by two or more independent laboratories during a study. Genentech, Inc. is evaluating an immunogenicity risk-based comparability approach consisting of both technical and clinical aspects.
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