Objectives: Age- and sex-specific rates of dementia are estimated in the U.S. population aged 65 or older in 2000 and 2012 using a large nationally representative dataset, the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), and accounting for mortality selection and specificities of the interview protocol.
Method: A latent cognitive ability model is estimated by maximum simulated likelihood. Prevalence of dementia is identified using HRS cognition measures and the Aging, Demographics and Memory Study (ADAMS), a subset of the HRS (n = 856) with clinical assessment for dementia. Different cognitive measures are collected in self and proxy interviews. From 2006 onward, the HRS collected fewer interviews by proxy. Selection into proxy interviews is modeled as well as survival into the ADAMS sample from the previous HRS interview.
Results: The prevalence of dementia decreased from 12.0% (SE = 0.48%) in 2000 to 10.5% (SE = 0.49%) in 2012 in the 65+ population, a statistically significant decline of 12.6% (p < .01). The percentage change in prevalence was larger among males (16.6% vs 9.5%), and younger individuals.
Discussion: The prevalence of dementia among those 65 or older decreased between 2000 and 2012, although less rapidly than reported in other studies. The difference is primarily due to our modeling selection into proxy interviews.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbx169 | DOI Listing |
Health Econ
January 2025
Department of Economics, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), Pelotas, Brazil.
The Northeast region of Brazil is characterized by long periods of drought. However, the region is also frequently affected by floods. The socioeconomic characteristics of the locality make the population more vulnerable to the impacts of these disasters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
March 2025
Neuroimmunology Laboratory and Neuroimmunology Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
Background And Objectives: Antibodies to proteolipid protein-1 (PLP1-IgG), a major central myelin protein also expressed in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) as the isoform DM20, have been previously identified mostly in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), with unclear clinical implications. However, most studies relied on nonconformational immunoassays and included few patients with non-MS CNS autoimmune demyelinating disorders (ADDs). We aimed to investigate conformational PLP1-IgG in the whole ADD spectrum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Rev Camb Philos Soc
January 2025
Wildlife Observatory of Australia (WildObs), Queensland Cyber Infrastructure Foundation (QCIF), Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
Camera traps are widely used in wildlife research and monitoring, so it is imperative to understand their strengths, limitations, and potential for increasing impact. We investigated a decade of use of wildlife cameras (2012-2022) with a case study on Australian terrestrial vertebrates using a multifaceted approach. We (i) synthesised information from a literature review; (ii) conducted an online questionnaire of 132 professionals; (iii) hosted an in-person workshop of 28 leading experts representing academia, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and government; and (iv) mapped camera trap usage based on all sources.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Real Estate Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
This paper aims to reveal the changing characteristics of the contribution rates of different production factors in China since the reform and opening up from two dimensions: stage and space. The study used national data from 1978 to 2021 and provincial data from 2000 to 2020, combined with methods such as C-D production function and spatial econometrics for analysis. Research has found that: (1) In terms of stage characteristics, during the structural adjustment stage (1978-1998), economic growth mainly relies on capital and labor input, and the contribution rate of land factors gradually decreases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacoeconomics
January 2025
Belgian Health Care Knowledge Centre, Brussels, Belgium.
Background: Forecasting future public pharmaceutical expenditure is a challenge for healthcare payers, particularly owing to the unpredictability of new market introductions and their economic impact. No best-practice forecasting methods have been established so far. The literature distinguishes between the top-down approach, based on historical trends, and the bottom-up approach, using a combination of historical and horizon scanning data.
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