AI Article Synopsis
- The objective of the study was to examine how cognitive reserve, measured through the Test of Premorbid Functioning and demographic factors, could mitigate the impact of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on cognitive test outcomes.
- A cohort of 121 individuals with TBI was analyzed, where their performance on the WAIS-IV test was assessed within a year post-injury.
- The findings revealed that cognitive reserve significantly predicted cognitive performance after TBI, although injury severity also played a role, particularly affecting Processing Speed, indicating that while cognitive reserve offers some protection, it doesn't fully counteract the effects of more severe injuries.
Article Abstract
Objective: we sought to determine the degree to which cognitive reserve, as assessed by the Test of Premorbid Functioning in combination with demographic variables, could act as a buffer against the effect of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on cognitive test performance.
Method: retrospective analysis of a cohort of 121 persons with TBI who completed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) within 1-12 months after injury.
Results: regression analyses indicated that cognitive reserve was a statistically significant predictor of all postinjury WAIS-IV factor index scores, after controlling for various premorbid and comorbid confounding variables. Only for Processing Speed did injury severity make an additional statistically significant contribution to the prediction model.
Conclusions: cognitive reserve has a protective effect with regard to the impact of TBI on cognitive test performance but this effect is imperfect and does not completely negate the effect of injury severity.
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