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Insights into the digestive processes of normal and high-amylose rice using realistic boluses formed in the bio-inspired oral mastication simulator (iBOMS-III).
Food Chem
January 2025
Life Quality Engineering Interest Group, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China. Electronic address:
Mastication is essential for preparing food bolus for swallowing and digestion. This study employed the bio-inspired oral simulator (iBOMS-III) to investigate the effects of mastication on physical properties and starch hydrolysis of normal rice (NR) and high-amylose rice (HR), while validating its results through comparison with in vivo data from human subjects. The median particle size (d) of NR (1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCathinone metabolism and biliary excretion in an ex-vivo pig liver model: Example of 4-Cl-PVP and eutylone.
Food Chem Toxicol
January 2025
INSERM, Univ Rennes, INRAE, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1317, F-35000, Rennes, France; Laboratoire de toxicologie biologique et Médico-légale, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France.
Objective: Recently, the pig liver model perfused ex vivo using a normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) has been proposed as a suitable model to study xenobiotic metabolism and biliary excretion. The aim of our study is to describe the metabolism of NPS such as cathinones (with a focus on 4-Cl-PVP and eutylone) in blood and bile, using a normothermic perfused pig liver model.
Methods: Livers (n = 4) from male large white pigs, 3-4 months of age and weighing approximately 75-80 kg, were harvested and reperfused onto an NMP (LiverAssist®, XVIVO) using autologous whole blood at 38 °C.
Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory process of the esophagus often associated with structural and motility problems. Previous studies have shown an increased prevalence in males over females, however there is little data exploring the risk of esophageal complications among genders, which may be indicative of differences in disease severity.
Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using National Inpatient Sample data including adults hospitalized between 2016 and 2020 presenting with EoE.
Esophageal Obstruction from Food Bolus Impaction Successfully Managed with the "Upright Posture, Chin Tuck, Double Swallow" Maneuver: A Case Report.
Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med
November 2024
Desert Care Network, Section Gastroenterology, Coachella Valley, California.
Introduction: An attempt at medical management is often the initial step in addressing esophageal obstruction from an impacted food bolus. Medical management, however, has limited success and often requires urgent endoscopy. We present a case in which standard medical treatment failed, but a swallowing augmentation maneuver resolved the obstruction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEssential oil supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and modulates the plasma metabolome of hyperinsulinemic horses.
Front Vet Sci
December 2024
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of essential oil (EO) supplementation on insulin sensitivity (IS) and the plasma metabolome in insulin dysregulated (ID) horses. Horses were blocked by degree of IS and assigned randomly to treatment: oral daily bolus (50 mL) of either a plant derived EO supplement or carrier (CON). Mares were housed in dry lots with access to grass hay and supplemented individually twice daily with a concentrate to meet nutrient requirements for mature horses.
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