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Carotid artery atherosclerosis: mechanisms of instability and clinical implications.
Eur Heart J
January 2025
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Cardiovascular disease remains a prominent cause of disability and premature death worldwide. Within this spectrum, carotid artery atherosclerosis is a complex and multifaceted condition, and a prominent precursor of acute ischaemic stroke and other cardiovascular events. The intricate interplay among inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, lipid metabolism, and immune responses participates in the development of lesions, leading to luminal stenosis and potential plaque instability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSemaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with obesity and prevalent heart failure: a prespecified analysis of the SELECT trial.
Lancet
August 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist used for weight loss, may lower the risk of serious cardiovascular issues in individuals with obesity, but its specific effects on those with pre-existing heart conditions, like atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and heart failure, were unclear.
- The SELECT trial, a comprehensive study involving adult participants with cardiovascular disease and high BMI, examined the impact of weekly injections of semaglutide versus placebo on heart-related outcomes, particularly focusing on those with varying types of heart failure.
- Researchers looked for differences in cardiovascular events, analyzing data to see if treatment efficacy and safety were affected by heart failure type and participants’ initial health characteristics.
Background: Detailed, comprehensive, and timely reporting on population health by underlying causes of disability and premature death is crucial to understanding and responding to complex patterns of disease and injury burden over time and across age groups, sexes, and locations. The availability of disease burden estimates can promote evidence-based interventions that enable public health researchers, policy makers, and other professionals to implement strategies that can mitigate diseases. It can also facilitate more rigorous monitoring of progress towards national and international health targets, such as the Sustainable Development Goals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Regular, detailed reporting on population health by underlying cause of death is fundamental for public health decision making. Cause-specific estimates of mortality and the subsequent effects on life expectancy worldwide are valuable metrics to gauge progress in reducing mortality rates. These estimates are particularly important following large-scale mortality spikes, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFManagement of patent foramen ovale; findings from a nationwide survey.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
March 2024
First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Objectives: Several clinical trials have provided evidence supporting the transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) in selected patients following a cryptogenic stroke. However, it remains unknown to what extent these guidelines have been implemented in everyday clinical practice and the familiarity of physicians from different specialties with PFO closure. The aim of our nationwide survey is to explore the implementation of transcatheter PFO occlusion in Greek clinical practice.
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