We investigated the extent to which a complex finger sequence impacts on hand switching costs in a sequential action. Response component latencies (premotor, motor, and movement) were compared in no-switch (same finger performed the action of pressing and reaching) and switch conditions (pressing with one finger and completing the reaching action with the homologous finger from the other hand). Results showed that the switch condition presented longer latency for premotor and movement components. For the motor component, however, switch condition was faster. This expands the previous literature investigating switching costs using simple finger movements in more complex tasks. A mechanical explanation of the interplay between response subcomponents is provided to explain the inversion of response pattern for the motor component.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2018.1454399 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Background: Aging is accompanied by declines in brain structure and executive functions like cognitive flexibility - the ability to switch between tasks. However, there are substantial individual differences in degree of impairment, as some elders maintain high functioning despite accumulation of brain damage. This variability suggests higher cognitive reserve (CR) which enables older adults to cope more effectively with structural brain changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Background: Bilingual Language Control (BLC) is a dynamic processing system that enables speakers to mitigate cross-language interference while conversing and transitioning between languages. Research indicates that neurodegenerative diseases may compromise the effectiveness of language-switching abilities in bilingual individuals, particularly those impacting the frontostriatal pathways. However, it remains unclear whether neurodegeneration affecting other neural pathways, such as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), might influence the efficiency of BLC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Brain like Neuromorphic Devices and Systems of Hebei Province, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China.
Neuromorphic computing holds immense promise for developing highly efficient computational approaches. Memristor-based artificial neurons, known for due to their straightforward structure, high energy efficiency, and superior scalability, which enable them to successfully mimic biological neurons with electrical devices. However, the reliability of memristors has always been a major obstacle in neuromorphic computing.
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January 2025
State Key Laboratory for Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, Center for Optical & Electromagnetic Research, College of Optical Science and Engineering, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics (Haining), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Silicon photonic signal processors promise a new generation of signal processing hardware with significant advancements in processing bandwidth, low power consumption, and minimal latency. Programmable silicon photonic signal processors, facilitated by tuning elements, can reduce hardware development cycles and costs. However, traditional programmable photonic signal processors based on optical switches face scalability and performance challenges due to control complexity and transmission losses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBull Math Biol
December 2024
Centre for Data Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4000, Australia.
Quantitative population modelling is an invaluable tool for identifying the cascading effects of conservation on an ecosystem. When population data from monitoring programs is not available, deterministic ecosystem models have often been calibrated using the theoretical assumption that ecosystems have a stable, coexisting equilibrium. However, a growing body of literature suggests these theoretical assumptions are inappropriate for conservation contexts.
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