Understanding the mechanisms underlying progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the key elements contributing to the identification of appropriate therapeutic targets for this under-managed condition. In addition to plaque-related focal inflammatory pathology typical for relapsing remitting MS there are, in progressive MS, widespread diffuse alterations in brain areas outside the focal lesions. This diffuse pathology is tightly related to microglial activation and is co-localized with signs of neurodegeneration. Microglia are brain-resident cells of the innate immune system and overactivation of microglia is associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the role of microglial activation in relation to developing neurodegeneration and disease progression may provide a key to developing therapies to target progressive MS. 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is a mitochondrial molecule upregulated in microglia upon their activation. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using TSPO-binding radioligands provides a method to assess microglial activation in patients . In this , we summarize the current status of TSPO imaging in the field of MS. In addition, the review discusses new insights into the potential use of this method in treatment trials and in clinical assessment of progressive MS.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5879102 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00181 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Prenatal inflammation impairs early CD11c-positive microglia induction and delays myelination in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Commun Biol
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
Histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) is a form of maternal immune activation (MIA) linked to an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring. Our previous study identified neurodevelopmental impairments in an MIA mouse model mimicking HCA. Thus, this study investigated the role of CD11c microglia, key contributors to myelination through IGF-1 production, in this pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPunicalagin inhibits neuron ferroptosis and secondary neuroinflammation to promote spinal cord injury recovery.
Int Immunopharmacol
January 2025
Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215006 PR China. Electronic address:
Spinal cord injury (SCI) represents a severe type of central nervous system damage, with no effective treatment currently available, partly due to neuronal ferroptosis and subsequent neuroinflammation. Punicalagin, an anti-inflammatory compound extracted from pomegranate peel, has exhibited therapeutic potential for inflammatory diseases. In this study, we present evidence that punicalagin facilitates the recovery of neurological function following SCI by mitigating neuronal ferroptosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle cell approaches define neural stem cell niches and identify microglial ligands that can enhance precursor-mediated oligodendrogenesis.
Cell Rep
January 2025
Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. Electronic address:
Here, we used single cell RNA sequencing and single cell spatial transcriptomics to characterize the forebrain neural stem cell (NSC) niche under homeostatic and injury conditions. We defined the dorsal and lateral ventricular-subventricular zones (V-SVZs) as two distinct neighborhoods and showed that, after white matter injury, NSCs are activated to make oligodendrocytes dorsally for remyelination. This activation is coincident with an increase in transcriptionally distinct microglia in the dorsal V-SVZ niche.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpigenetics in Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Subcell Biochem
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
Healthy brain functioning requires a continuous fine-tuning of gene expression, involving changes in the epigenetic landscape and 3D chromatin organization. Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are three multifactorial neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) that are partially explained by genetics (gene mutations and genetic risk factors) and influenced by non-genetic factors (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTreadmill Exercise Mitigates Alzheimer's Pathology by Modulating Glial Polarization and Reducing Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Perivascular Clustering.
Med Sci Sports Exerc
January 2025
School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, CHINA.
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the pathological responses of glial cells at different distances from amyloid plaques and the characteristics of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in perivascular clustering. Additionally, it sought to explore the impact of exercise training on AD pathology, specifically focusing on the modulation of glial responses and the effects of OPC perivascular clustering.
Methods: Three-month-old C57BL/6 and APP/PS1 mice were divided into four groups: wild-type sedentary, wild-type exercise, sedentary AD, and exercise AD groups.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!