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Regulation of yeast fatty acid desaturase in response to iron deficiency. | LitMetric

Regulation of yeast fatty acid desaturase in response to iron deficiency.

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids

Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address:

Published: June 2018

AI Article Synopsis

  • Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) are crucial for cell membrane structure and are produced by fatty acid desaturases, like Ole1 in yeast, which are regulated by factors including temperature and nutrient availability.
  • The study focuses on how the transcription factor Mga2 activates OLE1 expression in response to iron deficiency, a common global nutritional issue, indicating that without MGA2, yeast cells struggle to produce UFAs and grow under low iron conditions.
  • Additionally, Mga2 not only helps in the activation of OLE1 but also boosts its own expression under various stress conditions, suggesting a complex regulatory mechanism involved in managing UFA production during iron scarcity.

Article Abstract

Unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) are essential components of phospholipids that greatly contribute to the biophysical properties of cellular membranes. Biosynthesis of UFAs relies on a conserved family of iron-dependent fatty acid desaturases, whose representative in the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is Ole1. OLE1 expression is tightly regulated to adapt UFA biosynthesis and lipid bilayer properties to changes in temperature, and in UFA or oxygen availability. Despite iron deficiency being the most extended nutritional disorder worldwide, very little is known about the mechanisms and the biological relevance of fatty acid desaturases regulation in response to iron starvation. In this report, we show that endoplasmic reticulum-anchored transcription factor Mga2 activates OLE1 transcription in response to nutritional and genetic iron deficiencies. Cells lacking MGA2 display low UFA levels and do not grow under iron-limited conditions, unless UFAs are supplemented or OLE1 is overexpressed. The proteasome, E3 ubiquitin ligase Rsp5 and the Cdc48 complex are required for OLE1 activation during iron depletion. Interestingly, Mga2 also activates the transcription of its own mRNA in response to iron deficiency, hypoxia, low temperature and low UFAs. MGA2 up-regulation contributes to increase OLE1 expression in these situations. These results reveal the mechanism of OLE1 regulation when iron is scarce and identify the MGA2 auto-regulation as a potential activation strategy in multiple stresses.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.03.008DOI Listing

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