Extracellular RNA (exRNA) has emerged as an important transducer of intercellular communication. Advancing exRNA research promises to revolutionize biology and transform clinical practice. Recent efforts have led to cutting-edge research and expanded knowledge of this new paradigm in cell-to-cell crosstalk; however, gaps in our understanding of EV heterogeneity and exRNA diversity pose significant challenges for continued development of exRNA diagnostics and therapeutics. To unravel this complexity, the NIH convened expert teams to discuss the current state of the science, define the significant bottlenecks, and brainstorm potential solutions across the entire exRNA research field. The NIH Strategic Workshop on Extracellular RNA Transport helped identify mechanistic and clinical research opportunities for exRNA biology and provided recommendations on high priority areas of research that will advance the exRNA field.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.98942 | DOI Listing |
J Dermatol Sci
November 2024
Department of Dermatology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Background: Mutations in gamma-secretase complex (GSC) genes are associated with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), and toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 is elevated in HS lesions. However, it remains unclear whether TLR2 is upregulated in the skin lesions of patients with HS with GSC gene variants, and the role of its upregulation in the pathogenesis of this disease are unknown.
Objective: To investigate the role of TLR2 upregulation in NCSTN and PSENEN knockdown keratinocytes.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Electronic address:
The increasing prevalence of LED technology heightened blue light (BL) exposure, raising concerns about its long-term effects on ocular health. This study investigated the transcriptomic response of conjunctiva to BL exposure, highlighting potential biomarkers for conjunctival injury. We exposed human conjunctival epithelial cells and C57BL/6 mice to BL to establish in vitro and in vivo models and identified the responsive genes in mice's conjunctiva to BL exposure by RNA sequencing transcriptome analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Genomics
December 2024
Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are essential for cell-to-cell communication because they transport functionally active molecules, including proteins, RNA, and lipids, from secretory cells to nearby or distant target cells. Seminal plasma contains a large number of EVs (sEVs) that are phenotypically heterogeneous. The aim of the present study was to identify the RNA species contained in two subsets of porcine sEVs of different sizes, namely small sEVs (S-sEVs) and large sEVs (L-sEVs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods Mol Biol
December 2024
Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
Transcriptional regulation allows cells to execute developmental programs, maintain homeostasis, and respond to intra- and extracellular signals. Central to these processes are promoters, which in eukaryotes are sequences upstream of genes that bind transcription factors (TFs) and which recruit RNA polymerase to initiate mRNA synthesis. Valuable tools for studying promoters include reporter genes, which can be used to indicate when and where genes are activated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
December 2024
Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Purpose: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by non-pigmented ciliary epithelial (NPCE) cells under oxidative stress may contribute to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) pathogenesis by altering gene expression in human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells. This study investigated the impact of microRNAs (miRNAs) carried by NPCE-derived EVs on HTM cell gene expression under oxidative stress conditions.
Methods: NPCE cells were exposed to oxidative stress, and EVs were isolated from control and stressed cells.
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