Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are common comorbid diseases, yet their shared mechanisms are largely unknown. We found that genetic variation near was associated, through large genome-wide association studies, with fracture, bone mineral density (BMD), and appendicular and whole body lean mass, in humans. In mice, was expressed in muscle mitochondria and cytoplasm, as well as in heart and brain, but not in bone. Grip strength and limb lean mass were reduced in tamoxifen-inducible homozygous global knockout mice ( ), and in tamoxifen-inducible skeletal muscle cell-specific knockout mice ( ). Decreased BMD, bone biomechanical strength, and bone formation, and elevated osteoclast activity with microarchitectural deterioration of trabecular and cortical bones, were observed in mice. BMD of male mice was also reduced, and osteoclast numbers and surface in mice increased. Microarray analysis of muscle cells from mice identified candidate musculoskeletal modulators. , a novel gene, therefore has a crucial role in regulating bone structure and function, and may impact osteoporosis through a biological pathway involving muscle as well as through other mechanisms.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5910842 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719089115 | DOI Listing |
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