Alveolar bone is a mechanosensitive tissue that provides structural support for teeth. Alveolar bone loss is common with aging, menopause, tooth loss, and periodontitis and can lead to additional tooth loss, reduced denture fixation, and challenges in placing dental implants. The current studies suggest that sclerostin and DKK1, which are established osteocyte-derived inhibitors of bone formation, contribute to alveolar bone loss associated with estrogen ablation and edentulism in rats. Estrogen-deficient ovariectomized rats showed significant mandibular bone loss that was reversed by systemic administration of sclerostin antibody (SAB) alone and in combination with DKK1 antibody (DAB). Osteocytes in the dentate and edentulous rat maxilla expressed Sost (sclerostin) and Dkk1 (DKK1) mRNA, and molar extraction appeared to acutely increase DKK1 expression. In a chronic rat maxillary molar extraction model, systemic SAB administration augmented the volume and height of atrophic alveolar ridges, effects that were enhanced by coadministering DAB. SAB and SAB+DAB also fully reversed bone loss that developed in the opposing mandible as a result of hypo-occlusion. In both treatment studies, alveolar bone augmentation with SAB or SAB+DAB was accompanied by increased bone mass in the postcranial skeleton. Jaw bone biomechanics showed that intact sclerostin-deficient mice exhibited stronger and denser mandibles as compared with wild-type controls. These studies show that sclerostin inhibition, with and without DKK1 coinhibition, augmented alveolar bone volume and architecture in rats with alveolar bone loss. These noninvasive approaches may have utility for the conservative augmentation of alveolar bone.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034518766874 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Application of Ultrashort Implants in Posterior Maxilla With Insufficient Bone Height: A Finite Element Analysis.
Int Dent J
January 2025
Department of Prosthodontics, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian, China. Electronic address:
Introduction And Aims: Implantation of the posterior maxilla with insufficient bone height faces challenges. Studies have shown that the use of ultrashort implants can avoid additional damage. This finite element analysis study aimed to evaluate the impacts of different lengths of ultrashort implants and three surgical approaches on stress, strain, and displacement in the posterior maxilla with varying bone heights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlveolar ridge preservation with autogenous tooth graft: A histomorphometric analysis of 36 consecutive procedures.
Ann Anat
January 2025
Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain; Surgical and Implant Therapies in the Oral Cavity Research Group; University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the histomorphometric findings of autogenous tooth grafting (ATG) for alveolar ridge preservation (ARP), using graft material from extracted teeth. Variations by sex, age and location of extracted teeth, as well as any associated complications, were also assessed.
Materials And Methods: This prospective, single-cohort study was conducted using ATG placed in extraction sockets.
Histological and histomorphometric evaluation of natural bovine bone substitute with hyaluronate in socket preservation-a report of three cases.
J Mater Sci Mater Med
January 2025
Department of Anatomy, Histology, Embriology, Pathology Anatomy and Pathology Histology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
Tooth extraction is physiologically followed by resorption of alveolar bone. Surgical method which aims to minimise this reduction in alveolar bone with a goal to provide enough bone volume for dental implant insertion is called socket preservation. The purpose of this article was to asses clinical, histomorphometric and histological results of socket preservation conducted with natural bovine bone substitute with hyaluronate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTreating apical fenestration in a previously endodontically treated tooth.
J Conserv Dent Endod
November 2024
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Apical fenestration is a defect in the alveolar cortical plate, exposing the root without involving the alveolar bone margin, often linked to trauma, periodontal disease, and orthodontic treatment, leading to symptoms such as pain and abscesses from endodontic infections. This case report describes managing a mucosal fenestration in an endodontically treated tooth with nonsurgical root canal therapy and periodontal surgery. A 44-year-old male presented with mucosal fenestration and pain in the upper front jaw due to trauma and an inadequately treated root canal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMachine Learning for Automated Identification of Anatomical Landmarks in Ultrasound Periodontal Imaging.
Dentomaxillofac Radiol
January 2025
Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Objectives: To identify landmarks in ultrasound periodontal images and automate the image-based measurements of gingival recession (iGR), gingival height (iGH), and alveolar bone level (iABL) using machine learning.
Methods: We imaged 184 teeth from 29 human subjects. The dataset included 1580 frames for training and validating the U-Net CNN machine learning model, and 250 frames from new teeth that were not used in training for testing the generalization performance.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!