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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.033092 | DOI Listing |
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Factorial Mendelian randomization of lipoprotein (a) lowering, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering, and lifestyle improvements: joint associations with cardiovascular risk.
Int J Epidemiol
February 2025
The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Background: High levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, the effects of Lp(a)-lowering therapy in combination with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)-lowering treatment or lifestyle improvements on CVD risk remain unexplored.
Methods: We conducted a factorial Mendelian randomization study among 385 917 participants in the UK Biobank. Separate genetic scores were constructed to proxy the effects of Lp(a) lowering, LDL-C lowering through different targets [HMG-CoA reductase, NPC1-like intracellular cholesterol transporter 1, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin Type 9, and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)], as well as improvements in body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and lifestyle factors (cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity).
Background: Effective management of coexisting heart failure (HF), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is critical, yet evidence of adherence to guideline-recommended standards in routine care remains unclear. We aimed to assess primary care adherence to guideline-recommended standards for patients with overlapping HF, CKD and T2D in England.
Methods: Using UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (1998-2020), we evaluated care adherence across 161 529 individuals with HF, CKD or T2D before and after developing a second of these conditions.
The interplay of LDLR, PCSK9, and lncRNA- LASER genes expression in coronary artery disease: Implications for therapeutic interventions.
Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat
February 2025
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Research Development Unit of Farshchian Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Electronic address:
Background And Purpose: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is defined as stenosis of coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis. The etiology of atherosclerosis can be attributed to a disruption in lipid metabolism, specifically cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). PCSK9 is an enzyme that controls the metabolism of LDL-C by degrading the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), which in turn affects the metabolism of LDL-C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHIV Cerebrospinal Fluid Escape: Interventions for the Management, Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.
Trop Med Infect Dis
February 2025
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Neurocognitive impairment is an important cause of HIV-associated morbidity. The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has shifted the spectrum of HIV-associated cognitive impairment from HIV-associated dementia to milder forms of cognitive impairment. Independent replication of HIV within the central nervous system in those on effective ART with peripheral suppression is a recognised phenomenon known as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) HIV RNA escape.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Cross-Talk Between the Peripheral and Brain Cholesterol Metabolisms.
Curr Issues Mol Biol
February 2025
Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
Cholesterol is an essential element for the development and normal function of the central nervous system. While peripheral cholesterol is influenced by liver metabolism and diet, brain cholesterol metabolism takes place in an isolated system due to the impermeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, cross-talk occurs between the brain and periphery, specifically through metabolites such as oxysterols that play key roles in regulating cholesterol balance.
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