AI Article Synopsis
- The study details the analysis of palm kernel shell (PKS) lignin using various advanced techniques like FTIR, NMR, and Py-GC/MS to understand its chemical composition and behavior.
- The PKS lignin is characterized as a p-hydroxyphenyl-guaiacyl-syringyl lignin with a notable low S/G ratio and a high presence of β-O-4-ethers, which contribute to its structural properties.
- The research also explores the thermal stability and volatile release during pyrolysis, establishing connections between the lignin's chemical structure and its pyrolysis behavior, aiming for better utilization of PKS.
Article Abstract
Palm kernel shell (PKS) lignin obtained by enzymatic/mild acid hydrolysis (EMAL) was thoroughly elucidated by FTIR (fourier transform infrared), C-H 2D-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), quantitative P NMR combined with DFRC (derivatization followed by reductive cleavage), and Py-GC/MS (pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) with and without TMAH (tetramethylammonium hydroxide). Pyrolysis behavior was then characterized by TG-FTIR-MS (thermo-gravimetric-FTIR-mass spectrometry) and Py-GC/MS. The PKS lignin is demonstrated to be a p-hydroxyphenyl-guaiacyl-syringyl (H-G-S) lignin with abundances of p-hydrobenzoates and low S/G ratio of 0.15. 2D-NMR indicated that the main substructures are β-O-4-ethers (~85%), and P NMR/DFRC quantified the total β-O-4 content of 2295μmol/g. Py-GC/MS with and without TMAH confirmed that phenol mainly originated from p-hydroxybenzoates units. Thermal-stability, evolution behavior of typical volatiles, and selectivity of phenolic compounds (H-, G-, S-, C-type) during PKS lignin pyrolysis were explored. Relationship between chemical structure and pyrolysis behavior are also obtained. This work will provide a deep insight to the effective utilization of PKS.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.238 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Gas-Water Distribution and Gas Reservoirs Accumulation Properties of Upper Paleozoic Sequence in the Western Yishan Slope, Ordos Basin, NW China.
ACS Omega
December 2024
Gas Field Company, Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co., Ltd., Yan'an 716000, China.
Gas-water distribution is significant in the determination of hydrocarbon accumulation mechanisms in gas reservoirs, especially for the exploitation of tight sandstone reservoirs. One of such examples are the gas reservoirs in the Yishan Slope in China, where the internal relationship between gas-water distribution is poorly understood. The pattern and controlling factors for gas-water distribution in tight sandstones gas reservoirs in the Yishan Slope have been examined from macro (such as sedimentary and anticlinal structures) and micro (such as pore throat size, heterogeneity) perspectives, using data from rock eval pyrolysis, sedimentary structure, sediment diagenesis, gas migration, mercury injection experiments, and well logs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdsorption properties and mechanisms of Cd by co-pyrolysis composite material derived from peanut biochar and tailing waste.
Environ Geochem Health
January 2025
College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China.
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in aquatic systems is a widespread environmental issue. In this study, a solid waste iron tailings and biochar hybrid (Fe-TWBC) was successfully synthesized derived from co-pyrolysis of peanut shell and tailing waste (Fe-TW). Characterization analyses showed that the metal oxides from solid waste iron tailings successfully loaded onto the biochar surface, with more functional groups in Fe-TWBC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhase evolutions of sodium layered oxide cathodes during thermal fluctuations.
Chem Commun (Camb)
January 2025
College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
Layered transition metal oxide (NaTMO) cathodes are considered highly appropriate for the practical applications of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) owing to their facile synthesis and high theoretical capacity. Generally, the phase evolution behaviors of NaTMO during solid-state reactions at high temperature closely related to their carbon footprint, prime cost, and the eventual electrochemical properties, while the thermal stability in various desodiated states associated with wide temperature fluctuations are extremely prominent to the electrochemical properties and safety of SIB devices. Therefore, in this review, the influences of sintering conditions such as pyrolysis temperature, soaking time, and cooling rates on the phase formation patterns of NaTMO are summarized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBehaviors of bio-modified calcium-based sorbents for simultaneous CO/NO removal: Correlation of the characteristics of biomass, modified Ca-sorbent and reactivity.
J Environ Manage
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, PR China.
Article Synopsis
- Simultaneous removal of CO and NO from flue gas is important for reducing atmospheric pollutants and carbon emissions.
- An optimized calcium oxide (CaO) system is proposed using bio-modified calcium-based pellets, where biomass pyrolysis enhances efficiency.
- The study finds that different biomass types impact pellet characteristics, with cellulose improving pellet structure for better CO/NO removal, while lignin increases biochar production, affecting capture performance based on pore structure and biochar content.
The purpose of this study is to examine how co-pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and rice husk is impacted by LDPE. It also looks into the physicochemical characteristics, thermal behavior, and kinetic parameters of these materials. To understand the thermal behavior through TGA, rice husk and LDPE blends in the ratios of LDPE: RH (50:50), LDPE: RH (25:75), and LDPE: RH (75:25) were prepared and tested.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!