Insulin resistance is a major risk factor for diseases such as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Current methods for management of insulin resistance include pharmacological therapies and lifestyle modifications. Several clinical studies have shown that leguminous plants such as soybeans and pulses (dried beans, dried peas, chickpeas, lentils) are able to reduce insulin resistance and related type 2 diabetes parameters. However, to date, no one has summarized the evidence supporting a mechanism of action for soybeans and pulses that explains their ability to lower insulin resistance. While it is commonly assumed that the biological activities of soybeans and pulses are due to their antioxidant activities, these bioactive compounds may operate independent of their antioxidant properties and, thus, their ability to potentially improve insulin sensitivity via alternative mechanisms needs to be acknowledged. Based on published studies using in vivo and in vitro models representing insulin resistant states, the proposed mechanisms of action for insulin-sensitizing actions of soybeans, chickpeas, and their bioactive compounds include increasing glucose transporter-4 levels, inhibiting adipogenesis by down-regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, reducing adiposity, positively affecting adipokines, and increasing short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria in the gut. Therefore, this review will discuss the current evidence surrounding the proposed mechanisms of action for soybeans and certain pulses, and their bioactive compounds, to effectively reduce insulin resistance.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10040434 | DOI Listing |
Curr Cardiol Rep
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Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Purpose Of Review: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, characterized by hepatic steatosis with at least one cardiometabolic risk factor. Patients with MASLD are at increased risk for the occurrence of cardiovascular events. Within this review article, we aimed to provide an update on the pathophysiology of MASLD, its interplay with cardiovascular disease, and current treatment strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Foods Hum Nutr
January 2025
College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404100, China.
Insulin resistance was considered to be the most important clinical phenotype of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Almond is a widely-consumed nut and long-term intake was beneficial to alleviating insulin resistance in patients with T2DM. Hence, screening of anti-diabetic peptides from almond proteins was feasible based on the effectiveness of peptides in the treatment of T2DM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Mol Life Sci
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Unitat de Farmacologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
Nuclear growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) reduces the binding of the mothers' against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD) complex to its DNA-binding elements. However, the stimuli that control this process are unknown. Here, we examined whether saturated fatty acids (FA), particularly palmitate, regulate nuclear GDF15 levels and the activation of the SMAD3 pathway in human skeletal myotubes and mouse skeletal muscle, where most insulin-stimulated glucose use occurs in the whole organism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Public Health
January 2025
Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Gran Via de Les Corts Catalanes, 587 Àtic, 08007, Barcelona, Spain.
This study examines remaining life expectancy (RLE) after a cancer diagnosis, focusing on age, sex, cancer type, and metabolic syndrome (MS) components, using data from the SIDIAP database in Catalonia (2006-2017). RLE was analyzed for 13 cancer types, stratified by sex and MS components. The cohort study includes 183,364 individuals followed from diagnosis until death, transfer, or study end (December 2017).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Oral Investig
January 2025
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 1G6, Canada.
Objectives: Apical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory immune response in periapical tissues caused by microbial infections. Failure of root canal treatment or delayed healing is often due to intracanal or extra-radicular bacteria. However, beyond microbial factors, the patient's systemic health can significantly influence the progression and healing of AP.
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