To explore the effect of leech on lipid metabolism and liver function in hyperlipidemia rats and the possible mechanism, biochemical analyzer was used to examine the regulation of leech on levels of serum triglycerides(TG), total cholesterol(TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C). The levels of ALT and AST in serum were detected by ELISA. The proteins expression of ACAT-2, Fas and HMGCR in liver tissue was detected by Western blot. The weight of body and liver were weighed, and liver index was calculated. Oil red O staining was used to observe the lipid accumulation in liver tissue of rats by light Microscope. The results showed that leech could decrease the levels of TC, LDL-C obviously, and increase HDL-C, decrease the levels of ALT, AST and the liver index, down-regulate the proteins expression of ACAT-2, Fas and HMGCR. And oil red O staining indicated that the lipid accumulation was less in the liver tissue of the rats intervented by leech. These data indicated that leech may affect the expression of ACAT-2, Fas and HMGCR in liver tissue to reduce the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acid, and promote the cholesterol transforming, then regulate lipid metabolism to decrease the levels of serum lipid, and reduce lipid accumulation in liver tissue and ease liver injury of rats, then slowing down the process of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) in hyperlipidemia rats.
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