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Beyond Allergies-Updates on The Role of Mas-Related G-Protein-Coupled Receptor X2 in Chronic Urticaria and Atopic Dermatitis.
Cells
January 2024
Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany.
Mast cells (MCs) are an important part of the immune system, responding both to pathogens and toxins, but they also play an important role in allergic diseases, where recent data show that non-IgE-mediated activation is also of relevance, especially in chronic urticaria (CU) and atopic dermatitis (AD). Skin MCs express Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2), a key protein in non-IgE-dependent MC degranulation, and its overactivity is one of the triggering factors for the above-mentioned diseases, making MRGPRX2 a potential therapeutic target. Reviewing the latest literature revealed our need to focus on the discovery of MRGPRX2 activators as well as the ongoing vast research towards finding specific MRGPRX2 inhibitors for potential therapeutic approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChanges in mucosal IgG4- and IL-10-cell frequencies in adults with eosinophilic esophagitis on a two-food elimination diet.
Clin Immunol
December 2023
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy; San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona University Hospital, Salerno, Italy. Electronic address:
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is increasingly diagnosed in patients with dysphagia. Type-2 immunity can induce EoE histopathology via non-IgE-dependent mechanisms, possibly involving IgG4 and IL-10. To elucidate the contribution of this response to EoE pathogenesis, we examined its association with clinical and histologic endpoints in adult EoE patients given a two-food elimination diet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Precise diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis based on phenotypes and endotypes].
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
September 2023
Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Allergy, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China.
Anaphylaxis is the most severe allergic reaction, demanding immediate management by health care providers, which is currently underdiagnosed and undertreated in China. In addition to the classic IgE-mediated pathway, non-IgE dependent pathway has also been extensively studied in the pathogenesis of anaphylaxis. Recently, the atypical symptoms induced by widespread used monoclonal antibodies and biologics have been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn update on anaphylaxis and urticaria.
J Allergy Clin Immunol
December 2022
Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany. Electronic address:
Notable scientific developments have taken place in the field of anaphylaxis and urticaria in recent years; they are highlighted in this review. Case-control studies, genome-wide association studies, and large omics analyses have promoted further insights into not only the underlying genetics but also the biomarkers of both anaphylaxis and urticaria. New evidence regarding IgE-dependent and non-IgE-dependent mechanisms of anaphylaxis and urticaria, including the Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor (MRGPR [formerly MRG]) signaling pathway, has been gained.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Biomarkers and functional tests in immediate hypersensitivity to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines].
Rev Fr Allergol (2009)
November 2022
Service d'immunologie biologique « Autoimmunité, Hypersensibiltés et Biothérapies », hôpital Bichat, DMU BIOGéM, APHP, 75018 Paris, France.
Hypersensitivity to mRNA vaccines directed against SARS-CoV-2 are rare. They may be related to an IgE-dependent mechanism involving PEG contained in vaccines in the form of liposomes. Direct activation of the classical complement pathway (CARPA) has also been strongly suspected.
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