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Adaptive duplication and genetic diversification of protein kinase R contribute to the specificity of bat-virus interactions.
Sci Adv
November 2022
CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France.
Article Synopsis
- Bats serve as carriers for viruses that can be deadly to other mammals and have a unique protein called PKR that helps fight these viruses.
- Unlike most mammals that have one copy of the PKR gene, bats have multiple copies due to positive selection and genomic duplications.
- The diversification of these PKR genes has allowed bats to better fend off both DNA and RNA viruses, highlighting their special immune adaptations in response to ancient viral threats.
Infective endocarditis in adult patients with congenital heart disease.
Int J Cardiol
January 2023
La Timone Hospital, Cardiology Department, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
Background: Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) predisposes to Infective Endocarditis (IE), but data about characterization and prognosis of IE in CHD patients is scarce.
Methods: The ESC-EORP-EURO-ENDO study is a prospective international study in IE patients (n = 3111). In this pre-specified analysis, adult CHD patients (n = 365, 11.
Distinct evolutionary trajectories of SARS-CoV-2-interacting proteins in bats and primates identify important host determinants of COVID-19.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
August 2022
CIRI (Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie), Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France.
The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a coronavirus that spilled over from the bat reservoir. Despite numerous clinical trials and vaccines, the burden remains immense, and the host determinants of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 severity remain largely unknown. Signatures of positive selection detected by comparative functional genetic analyses in primate and bat genomes can uncover important and specific adaptations that occurred at virus-host interfaces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShort-Term Dynamics of Bdellovibrio and Like Organisms in Lake Geneva in Response to a Simulated Climatic Extreme Event.
Microb Ecol
October 2022
Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, INRAE, UMR CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France.
The short time-scale dynamics of three families of Bdellovibrio and like organisms (i.e. Bdellovibrionaceae, Peredibacteraceae, and Bacteriovoracaceae) were studied on the surface waters of Lake Geneva in summer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid Evolution of HERC6 and Duplication of a Chimeric HERC5/6 Gene in Rodents and Bats Suggest an Overlooked Role of HERCs in Mammalian Immunity.
Front Immunol
June 2021
CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the evolution of small HERC proteins, specifically HERC5 and HERC6, to enhance understanding of mammalian antiviral defenses.
- Researchers conducted genomic analyses on 83 sequences from various mammalian groups and found that HERC5 is under weak selection while HERC6 is experiencing strong adaptive evolution due to past viral confrontations.
- A unique HERC5/6 chimeric gene was discovered in rodents and bats, suggesting significant adaptations that may improve their immune responses against viruses.
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