Open reduction and internal fixation in AO type C distal humeral fractures using olecranon osteotomy: Functional and clinical results.

Background: To investigate the outcomes of patients undergoing open reduction and internal fixation with olecranon osteotomy due to AO type13C fractures of the distal humerus.

Methods: Data of 39 patients (mean age, 44.7 years; males, 56.4%) undergoing surgery with the diagnosis of AO type 13C distal humeral fractures were retrospectively evaluated. Patients' demographic characteristics, medical history, and radiological and functional outcomes were recorded. The patients were evaluated at the final follow-up according to the Mayo Elbow Performance Index (MEPI).

Results: The mean degrees of flexion and extension loss were 102.2 degrees (range, 60-120 degrees) and 11.4 degrees (range, 0-25 degrees), respectively, at the final follow-up. According to the MEPI score, outcomes were excellent in seven, good in 12, fair in 13, and poor in seven patients. All patients achieved a radiological union of the fracture site within the first postoperative six months. It was found that the loss of extension was more severe, the range of flexion was decreased, and the mean MEPI score was lower in the patients with type C3 fractures than in those with type C1 and type C2 fractures. No significant difference was determined between fixation techniques (tension band vs. cannulated screw) regarding the functional outcomes.

Conclusion: Our results revealed better prognosis in AO type C1 and type C2 fractures than in AO type C3 fractures and no different effects of two fixation techniques in olecranon osteotomy on the outcomes.