Comparative Molluscicidal and Schistosomicidal Potentiality of Two Species and Its Isolated Glycoalkaloids.

Unlabelled: Schistosomiasis is the most noteworthy parasitic disease after malaria. Furthermore, the significant activity of the genus against worms and its intermediate host snails reinforced the study of Andr. (SS) and L. (SM) for their molluscicidal and schistosomicidal potentiality. In this study, different extracts, fractions and isolated compounds of both species are evaluated for the molluscicidal and schistosomicidal potentialities. The niclosamide was used as positive molluscicide control against snails. Different extracts, fractions, or isolated compounds were used at a concentration of 100 μg/ml and dead snails were counted in each case. On the other hand, washed and sterilized adult worms were used in three replicates, and three worm pairs were placed in each well with 2 ml test solution of 100 μg/ml concentration. Positive (praziquantel [PZQ] 0.2 ug/ml) and negative controls were concurrently used and examined daily for 3 days for viability. The mortality rate was calculated and then both LC and LC were determined in triplicates. Highest potency was indicated to total glycoalkaloid (TGA) fraction of SM followed by TGA of SS. On the other hand, TGA fractions of both species showed higher potency than other extracts and isolated compounds. Meanwhile, solasodine-free aglycone showed declined activity compared to its glycosides. Promising molluscicidal and schistosomicidal activities were displayed which are attributed to the glycoalkaloid content. Therefore, this study can efficiently contribute toward validation of the traditional use of SS and SM in schistosomiasis control.

Summary: The current study evaluated the molluscicidal and schistosomicidal activities of different extracts and fractions of two species. The glycoalkaloids content depicted a promising activity against both the snails and the adult worms. PZQ; Praziquantel, SM; , SS; , TGA; total glycoalkaloid.