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Th9 lymphocytes and functions of interleukin 9 with the focus on IBD pathology. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The text discusses the recent findings on a new type of T helper lymphocyte (Th9) and their relationship with Interleukin 9 (IL-9), focusing on how naïve T lymphocytes transform into Th9 cells through IL-4 and TGFβ signaling.* -
  • It highlights the role of specific transcription factors in IL-9 production and identifies other cells that can express and secrete IL-9, as well as the diverse effects that IL-9 activation has on various cells, particularly T-cells.* -
  • The activation of IL-9 receptors mainly helps enhance immune defenses against infections and cancer but also contributes to chronic inflammation in autoimmune diseases, with increased IL-9 levels linked to conditions like ulcer

Article Abstract

The work presents the newest knowledge on a new phenotype of T helper lymphocytes (Th9) and on Interleukin 9 (IL-9). Processes leading to transformation of naïve T lymphocyte into Th9 lymphocytes are presented, including the role of IL-4 and TGFβ signaling. Involvement of transcription factor network in production of IL-9 is described. Other cells capable of expressing IL-9 and secreting IL-9 are portrayed. Diversity of IL-9 effects caused by activation of IL-9 receptors on various types of cells is presented. Principal effects of the activation of IL-9 receptor on T-cells seem to be antiapoptotic and stimulatory which leads to enhanced defense against parasitic infection and cancer development but, from the other side, it perpetuate chronic inflammation in autoimmune diseases and allergic processes. In the last years the role of IL-9 in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatic diseases and inflammatory bowel disease gained importance since the increased expression of this cytokine has been observed in animal models of intestinal inflammation and in groups of patients with ulcerative colitis. It was also noted that neutralization of IL-9 in animal models of ulcerative colitis leads to amelioration of inflammatory process, what could have significance in the treatment of this disease in humans in the future.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advms.2018.03.002DOI Listing

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