An immunohistochemical study of atrial natriuretic polypeptides was carried out on embryonic, fetal and neonatal rat hearts, using an antiserum raised against alpha-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (alpha-hANP). Weakly immunoreactive cells were seen in both atrial and ventricular walls at 11 days post coitum (pc). After this stage, the immunoreactive cells became more intensely stained in both atrial and ventricular walls. The immunoreactivity during the prenatal period was stronger in the superficial cell layer beneath the endocardium, than in the deep cell layer of the atrial wall. The cells in the trabecular meshwork also had an apparent, but weak, immunoreactivity, which showed a greater intensity in the left ventricle than in the right one. It is suggested that these immunoreactive cells in the ventricle may differentiate, in situ, into the cells of the impulse-conducting system during the further development of the heart.
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Cureus
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Quetta, PAK.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have been developed to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although, in the last 10 years, the use of GLP-1 RAs, especially semaglutide and liraglutide, has increased, its clinical implications and how it affects metabolic parameters have yet to be fully consolidated. This narrative review explores the metabolic effects of GLP-1 RAs in weight management, blood glucose, cardiovascular health, lipid profiles, and blood pressure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Heart Fail
January 2025
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Aims: Early identification and management of worsening heart failure (HF) is necessary to prevent disease progression and hospitalizations. The ALLEVIATE-HF (Algorithm Using LINQ Sensors for Evaluation and Treatment of Heart Failure) trial is a prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind, multicentre trial that aims to assess the safety and efficacy of using the Reveal LINQ™ insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) in patients with HF to continuously monitor and evaluate HF risk status and guide timely interventions.
Methods: The ICM algorithm uses parameters derived from electrocardiogram (atrial fibrillation [AF], ventricular rate during AF, heart rate variability, and night heart rate), three-axis accelerometer (patient activity duration), and subcutaneous bioimpedance (fluid volume, respiration rate).
Am Heart J
January 2025
Kaufman Center for Heart Failure Treatment and Recovery, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. Electronic address:
Background: We aim to validate NT-proBNP nonresponse score (NNRS) previously derived from the PROTECT and BATTLESCARRED studies in comparison with standard health status measures in predicting natriuretic peptide responses in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
Methods: Data on the GUIDE-IT trial were used to derive the NNRS based on 4 predictors including baseline NT-proBNP, heart rate, NYHA functional class, and history of atrial fibrillation. The discriminative capacity of the NNRS and health status measures for having NT-proBNP >1,000 pg/mL at 12 months was assessed and compared with baseline or follow-up health status measures including Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Overall Summary Score (KCCQ-OSS), Duke Activity Status Index (DASI), and 6-minute walk distance.
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sakakibara Heart Institute, Fuchu, JPN.
Preterm birth remains a leading cause of neurodevelopmental disability in offspring, prompting various preventive measures. However, controversies persist surrounding these approaches, particularly regarding beta-mimetic drugs. In Japan, it remains a concerning reality that ritodrine infusion continues to be used for long-term tocolysis in preterm labor, despite the warning issued by the US Food and Drug Administration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLipids Health Dis
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University West China School of Medicine, 37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice. Triglyceride glucose index (Tyg), a convenient evaluation variable for insulin resistance, has shown associations with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, studies on the Tyg index's predictive value for adverse prognosis in patients with AF without diabetes are lacking.
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