Malnutrition secondary to gastrojejunal stricture after biliopancreatic diversion.

Context: Bariatric surgery has beneficial effects on obesity and associated comorbidities such as glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and renal and hepatic function. Nevertheless, this surgery is not free of complications and possible side effects due to restrictive and/or malabsorptive related components.

Case Description: We report the case of a 60-year-old woman whose past medical history included morbid obesity, hypertension and Scopinaro biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) with duodenal switch in 1998. In 2015, she attended the emergency department hypotensive with bad general condition and reporting chronic constitutional symptoms. A wide variety of tests were performed including endoscopic studies as her symptoms were not immediately correlated with the BPD surgery. Finally, she was diagnosed from gastrojejunal stricture which caused her severe malnutrition. The patient underwent successful surgical management.

Discussion: BPD is one of the most effective surgical procedures for obesity, with an overall 5-year loss of excess body weight higher than 72%. Nonetheless, it is associated with long-term complications such as protein malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies due to malabsorption. Being surgically challenging, with high risk of nutritional complications and lifelong needed for the follow-up, BPD is rarely performed nowadays.

Conclusions: Bariatric Surgery is a well-known effective therapeutic measure to improve obesity and cardiovascular related disease. However, this case highlights the importance of robust multidisciplinary lifelong surgical and medical follow-up in all BPD patients. BPD complications can be minimised and recognised early with patient and healthcare staff education on the importance of lifetime follow-up and adherence to dietary and supplement regimes.