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Optimizing diastolic pressure gradient assessment.

Clin Res Cardiol

November 2020

Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.

Aims: The diastolic pressure gradient (DPG) has been proposed as a marker pulmonary vascular disease in the setting of left heart failure (HF). However, its diagnostic utility is compromised by the high prevalence of physiologically incompatible negative values (DPG) and the contradictory evidence on its prognostic value. Pressure pulsatility impacts on DPG measurements, thus conceivably, pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) measurements insusceptible to the oscillatory effect of the V-wave might yield a more reliable DPG assessment.

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Subpopulation of lymphocytes T in the umbilical blood was estimated in 30 healthy newborns. ARFC and CRFC fractions were isolated and analysed.

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Maternal-fetal immune interactions in pregnancy have been examined in a number of different species using a wide range of experimental procedures, many of which have been incapable of providing information on the specificity of the immunological parameters measured. As a result, data have often been unconvincing, unsubstantiated or conflicting. It is clear that considerable species diversity exists in the precise nature of the maternal immune responses elicited against the genetically dissimilar fetus.

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The normal fetomaternal immune relationship.

Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol

September 1992

Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, UK.

The antigenic status of the preimplantation embryo is ill-defined and there are no clearly recognized maternal immune reactions against this early stage of development. Following implantation, the pregnant female shows evidence of immune recognition of her intrauterine allogeneic conceptus. In a proportion of pregnancies, particularly in multiparous women, there are maternal cytotoxic antibodies exhibiting specificity for the paternally inherited HLA antigens of the fetus.

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Maternal immune response to pregnancy.

Reprod Fertil Dev

December 1989

Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Bristol, U.K.

The pregnant female is exposed to a variety of potentially immunogenic foreign antigens on her allogenic intra-uterine conceptus. The extent to which maternal antibodies and cell-mediated immune responses to these antigens are relevant to the paradoxical survival of the fetal allograft is not clearly established. The key to the maintenance of pregnancy lies in the trophoblast.

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