Anterior segment optical coherence tomography findings in type I Boston keratoprosthesis.

Purpose: To report the results of high-resolution anterior segment optical coherence tomography of patients implanted with a type 1 Boston keratoprosthesis (KPro).

Methods: The retrospective study cohort included 11 eyes of 11 patients (average age, 58.4 years; range, 34-83 years). All subjects underwent anterior segment optical coherence tomography at a single posteoperative time point. The main outcome measures were retro-backplate and retro-optic membrane formation, thinning and gap formation of the corneal carrier graft (melting), and degree of angle closure.

Results: Preoperative diagnoses included chemical burn (55%), failed corneal transplant (36%), and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (9%). The mean postoperative follow-up duration was 38.5 (range, 12-72) months. The most frequent findings of anterior segment optical coherence tomography were retroprosthetic membrane formation (63%, 7/11), thinning of the corneal carrier graft (melting; 55%, 6/11), and a narrow or closed angle (91%, 10/11). Other less common findings were epithelial growth over the optic surface and periprosthetic cyst formation. Retroprosthetic membrane formation was observed in all patients with melting (6/11).

Conclusions: Detailed postoperative examination and visualization of subtle changes of keratoprosthesis implanted eyes by slit lamp biomicroscopy are often difficult. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography is a useful, noninvasive, and quantitative imaging technique that provides useful information to postoperatively monitor the anatomic stability of an implanted keratoprosthesis.