The mechanism of radiation-induced detwinning is different from that of deformation detwinning as the former is dominated by supersaturated radiation-induced defects while the latter is usually triggered by global stress. Kr ion irradiation was performed to study the detwinning mechanism of nanotwinned Cu films with various twin thicknesses. Two types of incoherent twin boundaries (ITBs), so-called fixed ITBs and free ITBs, are characterized based on their structural features, and the difference in their migration behavior is investigated. It is observed that detwinning during radiation is attributed to the frequent migration of free ITBs, while the migration of fixed ITBs is absent. Statistics shows that the migration distance of free ITBs is thickness and dose dependent. Potential migration mechanisms are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2018.1428877 | DOI Listing |
Trials
September 2024
Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological condition and the leading cause of non-traumatic disability in young adults. MS pathogenesis leads to the death of oligodendrocytes, demyelination, and progressive central nervous system neurodegeneration. Endogenous remyelination occurs in people with MS (PwMS) but is insufficient to repair the damage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuromodulation
January 2025
4Brain, Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Objectives: This study investigates the way theta burst stimulation (TBS) applied to the motor cortex (M1) affects TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs). There have been few direct comparisons of continuous TBS (cTBS) and intermittent TBS (iTBS), and there is a lack of consensus from existing literature on the induced effects. We performed an exploratory trial to assess the effect of M1-cTBS and M1-iTBS on TEP components.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Alcohol Depend
May 2024
Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; BrainsWay, Burlington, MA 01803, USA.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of administering intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) to the medial prefrontal cortex for tobacco use disorder.
Methods: A randomized sham-controlled trial was conducted, with 38 participants receiving 28 sessions of active (n=25) or sham (n=13) iTBS (2 sessions/day, 600 pulses/session, 110% resting motor threshold, AFz target) along with smoking cessation education (Forever Free © booklets) over 14 visits. Primary outcomes included self-reported cigarette consumption and abstinence, verified by urinary cotinine tests.
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and transspinal electrical stimulation (tsES) have been proposed as a novel neurostimulation modality for individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). In this study, we integrated magnetic and electrical stimulators to provide neuromodulation therapy to individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). We designed a clinical trial comprising an 8-week treatment period and a 4-week treatment-free observation period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurosci
October 2023
School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is widely used in neuroscience and clinical settings to modulate human cortical activity. The effects of TMS on neural activity depend on the excitability of specific neural populations at the time of stimulation. Accordingly, the brain state at the time of stimulation may influence the persistent effects of repetitive TMS on distal brain activity and associated behaviors.
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