Background: The course of multiple sclerosis (MS) shows substantial inter-individual variability. The underlying determinants of disease severity likely involve genetic and environmental factors.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of APOE and HLA polymorphisms as well as smoking and body mass index (BMI) in the very early MS course.
Methods: Untreated patients ( n = 263) with a recent diagnosis of relapsing-remitting (RR) MS or clinically isolated syndrome underwent standardized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Genotyping was performed for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs3135388 tagging the HLA-DRB1*15:01 haplotype and rs7412 (Ɛ2) and rs429358 (Ɛ4) in APOE. Linear regression analyses were applied based on the three SNPs, smoking and BMI as exposures and MRI surrogate markers for disease severity as outcomes.
Results: Current smoking was associated with reduced gray matter fraction, lower brain parenchymal fraction and increased cerebrospinal fluid fraction in comparison to non-smoking, whereas no effect was observed on white matter fraction. BMI and the SNPs in HLA and APOE were not associated with structural MRI parameters.
Conclusions: Smoking may have an unfavorable effect on the gray matter fraction as a potential measure of MS severity already in early MS. These findings may impact patients' counseling upon initial diagnosis of MS.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458518763541 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Predicting Post-Operative Side Effects in VIM MRgFUS Based on THalamus Optimized Multi Atlas Segmentation (THOMAS) on White-Matter-Nulled MRI: A Retrospective Study.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol
December 2024
From the UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers (S.O., A.K., B.M.E., J.Y.), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
Background And Purpose: Precise and individualized targeting of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus for the MR-guided focused ultrasound is crucial for enhancing treatment efficacy and avoiding undesirable side effects. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the spatial relationships between Thalamus Optimized Multi Atlas Segmentation derived segmentations and the post-focused ultrasound lesion can predict post-operative side effects in patients treated with MR-guided focused ultrasound.
Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 30 patients (essential tremor, n = 26; tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease, n = 4) who underwent unilateral ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus focused ultrasound treatment.
Metabolomic interpretation of bacterial and fungal contribution to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances interface migration in waterlogged paddy fields.
Environ Pollut
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Watershed Agricultural Resource and Ecology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Land Resource and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China. Electronic address:
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely distributed in paddy soils, and their multi-phase partitioning in soil fractions was proved to be strongly interact with soil microbial community composition and functions. Despite this, soil bacterial and fungal metabolic molecular effects on PFAS water-soil interface migration in waterlogged paddy fields still remain unclear. This study integrated soil untargeted metabolomics with microbial amplicon sequencing to elucidate soil metabolic modulations of 15 PFAS interface release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDegradation of Cylindrospermopsin Spiked in Natural Water (Paranoá Lake, Brasília, Brazil) by Fenton Process: A Bench-Scale Study.
Toxins (Basel)
December 2024
Environmental Technology and Water Resources Postgraduate Program, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.
The frequency and intensity of harmful cyanobacterial blooms have increased in the last decades, posing a risk to public health since conventional water treatments do not effectively remove extracellular cyanotoxins. Consequently, advanced technologies such as the Fenton process are required to ensure water safety. The cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin (CYN) demands special attention, as it is abundant in the extracellular fraction and has a high toxicological potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF3D Printing of New Foods Using Cellulose-Based Gels Obtained from L. Byproducts.
Gels
November 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra. Valldemossa, Km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain.
Carob pulp is a valuable source of cellulose-rich fraction (CRF) for many food applications. This study aimed to obtain and characterize a CRF derived from carob pulp waste after sugar removal and to evaluate its potential use in the 3D printing of cellulose-rich foods. Thus, the extraction of the CRF present in carob pulp (by obtaining the alcohol-insoluble residue) was carried out, accounting for nearly 45% dm (dry matter) of this byproduct.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Isolation, screening of zinc solubilizing microorganisms and its application in low zinc calcareous soil].
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao
October 2024
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Inoculating zinc solubilizing microorganisms (ZSMs) is considered as a promising strategy for increasing Zn phytoavailability in soils with low Zn availability. In present study, we screened six strains of ZSMs from rhizosphere of green manure crop, including three strains of fungi, , and three strains of bacteria, . We conducted a pot experiment of Bok choy inoculated with different ZSMs to analyze the Zn content in shoots and roots, and compared the Zn solubilizing effect of ZSMs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!