Background: Chronic cannabis use may cause neurocognitive deficits and increase the risk of psychosis. Nevertheless, the effects of cannabis use on neurocognitive functioning in schizophrenia have remained largely unspecified.
Methods: Here, we studied repetition suppression of auditory event-related responses in a paired-stimulus design in a mixed sample of schizophrenia patients (n = 34) and healthy control subjects (n = 45) with chronic heavy cannabis use and schizophrenia patients (n = 33) and healthy control subjects (n = 61) without cannabis use.
Results: Repeated measures analysis yielded an overall significant reduction of P50 amplitude between first and second stimulus (p < .02), which was not different between the groups, a reduction of N100 amplitude, which was different for schizophrenia patients compared with healthy control subjects independent of cannabis use (p < .02), and a significant interaction between diagnosis and chronic cannabis use on the reduction of the P200 amplitude (p < .001). While chronic cannabis use was related with increased P200 suppression ratios in control subjects (with chronic cannabis use: 0.55 ± 0.04; without chronic cannabis use: 0.40 ± 0.03; p < .02), the reverse effect was found in schizophrenia (with chronic cannabis use: 0.36 ± 0.05; without chronic cannabis use: 0.54 ± 0.05; p < .02). This result remained significant after inclusion of potential confounders. Total lifetime cannabis use showed a significant correlation with the P200 suppression ratio in otherwise healthy control subjects (r = .28, p < .007). By contrast, the duration of time since last cannabis use was significantly correlated with the P200 suppression ratio in schizophrenia patients (r = .42, p < .002).
Conclusions: In aggregate, these diverging effects of chronic cannabis use on P200 repetition suppression may suggest underlying alterations in the endocannabinoid system in schizophrenia.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2016.10.004 | DOI Listing |
Heliyon
January 2025
School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 11405 87 Ave NW, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1C9, Canada.
Background: Based on the socio-ecological model of health, socioeconomic policy is an important determinant of population health. Spending decisions by public health units (PHU) have been shown to be associated with population health outcomes. Some studies have found greater PHU spending to be associated with improved population health, while others report mixed findings, warranting further research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Prim Care
January 2025
Département des sciences de la santé, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Rouyn-Noranda, Québec, Canada.
Background: The risks associated with medications and co-medications for chronic pain (CP) can influence a physician's choice of drugs and dosages, as well as a patient's adherence to the medication. High-quality care requires patients to participate in medication decisions. This study aimed to compare perceived risks of medications and co-medications between physicians and persons living with CP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
December 2024
Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
This narrative review explores the benefits and risks of cannabinoids in kidney health, particularly in individuals with pre-existing renal conditions. It discusses the roles of cannabinoid receptor ligands (phytocannabinoids, synthetic cannabinoids, and endocannabinoids) in kidney physiology. The metabolism and excretion of these substances are also highlighted, with partial elimination occurring via the kidneys.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Pharmacother
January 2025
Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy. Electronic address:
Cannabis derivatives are among the most widely used psychoactive substances in the world, which leads to growing medical concerns regarding its chronic use and abuse especially among adolescents. Exposure to THC during formative years produces long-term behavioral alterations that share similarities with symptoms of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. In this study, we have analyzed the functional and molecular mechanisms that might underlie these alterations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychoneuroendocrinology
December 2024
Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy & Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Electronic address:
Management of stress and anxiety is often listed as the primary motivation behind cannabis use. Human research has found that chronic cannabis use is associated with increased basal cortisol levels but blunted neuroendocrine responses to stress. Preclinical research has demonstrated mixed effects of Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; the psychoactive constituent of cannabis), much of which is suggestive of dose-dependent effects; however, the predominance of this work has employed an injection method to deliver cannabis.
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