Surgical Resection of Pineal Epidermoid Cyst Contributed to Relieving Schizophrenia Symptoms.

Background: The pineal gland has been demonstrated to be involved in the development of mood and psychotic disorders. However, few studies have looked at the relationship between pineal region tumors and psychiatric disorders. Intracranial epidermoid cysts usually arise in the cerebellopontine angle area and are extremely rare in the pineal region. The case of pineal epidermoid cyst presenting as schizophrenia has never been reported before.

Case Presentation: We described the case of a 23-year-old man who presented to the hospital with symptoms suggestive of schizophrenia. During work-up, he was found to have a pineal lesion on brain magnetic resonance imaging. Total resection of the tumor was subsequently performed, and pathology confirmed an epidermoid cyst. One month after surgery, the patient's psychotic symptoms significantly improved free of drug and fully returned to work 3 months postoperatively.

Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of including mass lesions of the pineal region in the differential diagnosis of psychotic disorders. It also provides further support that the pineal region may play a role in the pathophysiology of psychiatric diseases, although more studies will be needed to elucidate this interesting connection.