Tuberculosis mastitis can be a challenging diagnosis, often presenting with clinical and imaging findings that are suspicious for malignancy. We present a case of a 49-year-old female with a breast mass initially diagnosed as idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Failure to respond to standard treatments, development of new breast masses, and discovery of a concurrent ulcerating thigh rash with similar histologic findings as the breast masses prompted further investigation, which ultimately lead to the diagnosis of tuberculosis mastitis. There was rapid resolution of both breast and skin symptoms after initiation of empiric drug therapy.
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Article Synopsis
- - Breast tuberculosis (TB) is a rare form of TB affecting the breast, seen in less than 0.1% of breast conditions in western countries, but more common (up to 3-4%) in TB-endemic areas like Africa and Asia.
- - A case was reported of a 54-year-old HIV-positive woman with a six-month history of breast masses, initially suspected to be cancer, but was later confirmed to be TB upon histological examination.
- - The findings highlight that TB symptoms can be non-specific and unusual in HIV patients, particularly in cases of extra-pulmonary TB.
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