44 patients undergoing comparable gynaecological operations received either halothane- modified neuroleptanaesthesia or a combination of epidural and NLA. Monoclonal antibodies were used to determine 8 different lymphocyte subpopulations in blood samples drawn before and after anaesthesia and on the first postoperative day. Cell populations were counted by fluorescent microscopy. Halothane anaesthesia produced both a depression of T-cells (72.67% preoperatively to 52.79% postoperatively) and of the helper/suppressor ratio (1.46 to 1.10); meanwhile activated T-cells increased from 2.33% to 6.83%. After neuroleptanaesthesia as well as after halothane the HLA-DR positive cells decreased (21.05% to 19.29%; 25.22% to 20.29%). The B-cell fraction was elevated from 2.33% to 6.83% following combined anaesthesia. The potential of the anaesthetics to produce subsequent alterations in host defense is discussed.
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