Figure 1, HX575 column, 5th box down, which previously read "SC HX575 vs. Eprex/Erypo 417 patients with CKD-related anemia" as shown here.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6828187 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40259-018-0268-3 | DOI Listing |
NEJM Evid
June 2023
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston.
Anemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD) develops as kidney function declines. Reduced erythropoietin production, iron deficiency, and inflammation are the most important causes of CKD anemia. Anemia in the healthy population is defined by World Health Organization (WHO) criteria: for women, a hemoglobin (Hb) of less than 12 g/dl, and for men, an Hb of less than 13 g/dl.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Kidney J
December 2023
Anemia Working Group of the Spanish Society of Nephrology, Spain.
Background: Current guidelines establish the same hemoglobin (Hb) and iron biomarkers targets for hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) in patients receiving erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) even though patients having PD are usually younger, more active and less comorbid. Unfortunately, specific renal anemia [anemia in chronic kidney disease (aCKD)] trials or observational studies on PD are scanty. The aims of this study were to describe current aCKD management, goals and adherence to clinical guidelines, identifying opportunities for healthcare improvement in PD patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNephrol Dial Transplant
April 2024
Department of Renal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
Anaemia is one of the most common complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD), having a significant impact on quality of life, and is also associated with a number of adverse clinical outcomes. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial, caused largely by an inadequate production of erythropoietin from the diseased kidneys, with iron deficiency, inflammation, shortened red cell lifespan and enhanced blood loss also being contributory factors. The management of this condition was transformed in the late 1980s by the advent of recombinant human erythropoietin (epoetin), and treatment paradigms have developed over the last three decades, largely focusing on a combination of epoetin or its analogues (erythropoiesis-stimulating agents; ESAs) along with iron supplementation, often administered intravenously due to increased hepcidin levels limiting iron absorption from the gut.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Kidney J
October 2023
Elliott Consulting, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
The discovery and development of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents was a journey lasting more than a century, leading to the cloning and approval of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo). This was an impressive clinical advance, providing the possibility of correcting the symptoms associated with anaemia in chronic kidney disease. Associated iron use was needed to produce new haemoglobin-containing blood red cells.
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