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Delineation of reduced CTV2 on the basis of the characteristics and distribution of cervical lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
BMC Cancer
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, P. R. China.
Introduction: The core objective of this study was to precisely locate metastatic lymph nodes, identify potential areas in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients that may not require radiotherapy, and propose a hypothesis for reduced target volume radiotherapy on the basis of these findings. Ultimately, we reassessed the differences in dosimetry of organs at risk (OARs) between reduced target volume (reduced CTV2) radiotherapy and standard radiotherapy.
Methods And Materials: A total of 209 patients participated in the study.
A cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility genes for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Urology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, People's Republic of China.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent urinary system disorder. Despite evidence of a significant genetic component from previous studies, the specific pathogenic genes and biological mechanisms are still largely unknown. The study utilized the FinnGen R10 dataset, encompassing 177,901 individuals (36,601 cases and 141,300 controls), and the GTEx v8 EQTLs files to conduct single-tissue and cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain connectivity, neural networks, and resilience in aging and neurodegeneration.
Am J Pathol
January 2025
Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition; Department of Pathology; Department of Bioengineering; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address:
The importance of complex systems has become increasingly evident in recent years. The nervous system is one such example with neural networks sitting at the intersection of complex networks and biology. A particularly exciting feature is the resilience of complex systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrom Vision to Reality: The EU's Pharmaceutical Reforms and the Path to Improved Access.
Pharmacoecon Open
January 2025
Department of Health Policy and Medical Technology Research Group, LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.
Disparities in access to oncology medicines in European Union (EU) member states can impact patient outcomes profoundly, with availability and timely access varying significantly across and within member states. This paper discusses the intersection of the new European Health Technology Assessment Regulation (HTAR), the provisions of the proposed pharmaceutical legislation and their potential impacts on access to oncology medicines across EU member states. The HTAR, seeking to standardise the clinical evaluation of new medicines, has the potential to streamline the evaluation process but also risks oversimplifying diverse national healthcare needs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAstrocytic HIV-1 Nef Expression Decreases Glutamate Transporter Expression in the Nucleus Accumbens and Increases Cocaine-Seeking Behavior in Rats.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR 00716, USA.
Background/objectives: Cocaine use disorder is an intersecting issue in populations with HIV-1, further exacerbating the clinical course of the disease and contributing to neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation. Cocaine and HIV neurotoxins play roles in neuronal damage during neuroHIV progression by disrupting glutamate homeostasis in the brain. Even with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), HIV-1 Nef, an early viral protein expressed in approximately 1% of infected astrocytes, remains a key neurotoxin.
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