It is hypothesized that direct and indirect homeostasis between gut microbiota plays a key role in different intestine disorders. Archaea methanogens, an ancient domain of single-celled organism, are major archaea in the digestive system. Recent evidence has shown that the variable prevalence of methanogens in different individuals could have certain effects on inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). We aimed to assess the prevalence of Methanobrevibacter smithii between Iranian patients suffering from IBD and healthy control subjects. Stool DNA extracts from 47 healthy controls and 61 IBD patients were investigated. Quantitative real time PCR was performed for detecting Mbb. smithii load. We found a significantly decreased the Mbb. smithii load between IBD patients and healthy subjects. It is assumed that there is a reverse association between Mbb. smithii bacterial load and susceptibility to IBD, and this association could be extended to IBD patients in remission as we found that Mbb. smithii bacterial load is markedly higher among healthy subjects in comparison to IBD patients.
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