AI Article Synopsis
- * If AI is present, further tests like fetal genotyping and ultrasound are done to monitor the condition and screen for severe anemia before complications like hydrops fetalis arise.
- * Treatment for severe anemia includes intrauterine transfusion (IUT) or inducing labor, with IUT leading to a high survival rate of over 90%, though it carries a risk of neurodevelopmental impairment in about 4.8% of treated infants.
Article Abstract
The main cause of fetal anemia is maternal red blood cell alloimmunization (AI). The search of maternal antibodies by indirect antiglobulin test allows screening for AI during pregnancy. In case of AI, fetal genotyping (for Rh-D, Rh-c, Rh-E and Kell), quantification (for anti-rhesus antibodies) and antibody titration, as well as ultrasound monitoring, are performed. This surveillance aims at screening for severe anemia before hydrops fetalis occurs. Management of severe anemia is based on intrauterine transfusion (IUT) or labor induction depending on gestational age. After intrauterine transfusion, follow-up will focus on detecting recurrence of anemia and detecting fetal brain injury. With IUT, survival of fetuses with alloimmunization is greater than 90% but 4.8% of children with at least one IUT have neurodevelopmental impairment.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogoh.2018.02.001 | DOI Listing |
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