Environ Pollut
Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska, Square, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
Published: June 2018
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of biochar aging on the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (the total content - C, and the freely dissolved - C) in biochar and its ecotoxicity. Two biochars (BCS and BCM) with varying properties were aged for 420 days at different temperatures (-20 °C, 4 °C, 20 °C, 70 °C), at a variable temperature (-20/20 °C), in the presence of nutrients, and in the presence of inoculum and nutrients. After the aging process, C and C PAHs were determined in samples obtained and an ecotoxicological analysis was performed, which involved tests with bacteria (Vibrio fischeri), invertebrates (Folsomia candida) and plants (Lepidium sativum). Aging significantly affected all the parameters tested. The range of changes in the studied parameters depended on the type of biochar and ageing conditions. In the case of most of the aging methods, PAH content (C, C) and toxicity were found to decrease. Aging in the presence of microorganisms and nutrients and in the presence of nutrients alone caused the greatest reduction in C PAH content (a reduction from 30 to 100% relative to non-aged biochar), C PAH content (a reduction from 12 to 100%), root growth inhibition (a reduction from 73 to 90%), and luminescence inhibition (a reduction from 24 to 100%). In the case of C PAHs and toxicity to F. candida, some aging methods caused their increase. The study also found a significant relationship between the changes in C PAH content during aging and inhibition of root growth (BCS, BCM) and inhibition of V. fischerii luminescence (BCM). In no case was a significant correlation (P ≥ 0.05) between C PAHs and the investigated toxicity parameters found.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.073 | DOI Listing |
STAR Protoc
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA. Electronic address:
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Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Departamento Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de León, Avenida de Astorga s/n, 24401 Ponferrada, Spain.
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