Light absorbing aerosols (LAA) absorb sunlight and heat the atmosphere. This work presents a novel methodology to experimentally quantify the heating rate (HR) induced by LAA into an atmospheric layer. Multiwavelength aerosol absorption measurements were coupled with spectral measurements of the direct, diffuse and surface reflected radiation to obtain highly time-resolved measurements of HR apportioned in the context of LAA species (black carbon, BC; brown carbon, BrC; dust), sources (fossil fuel, FF; biomass burning, BB), and as a function of cloudiness. One year of continuous and time-resolved measurements (5 min) of HR were performed in the Po Valley. We experimentally determined (1) the seasonal behavior of HR (winter 1.83 ± 0.02 K day; summer 1.04 ± 0.01 K day); (2) the daily cycle of HR (asymmetric, with higher values in the morning than in the afternoon); (3) the HR in different sky conditions (from 1.75 ± 0.03 K day in clear sky to 0.43 ± 0.01 K day in complete overcast); (4) the apportionment to different sources: HR (0.74 ± 0.01 K day) and HR (0.46 ± 0.01 K day); and (4) the HR of BrC (HR: 0.15 ± 0.01 K day, 12.5 ± 0.6% of the total) and that of BC (HR: 1.05 ± 0.02 K day; 87.5 ± 0.6% of the total).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b04320 | DOI Listing |
Clin Exp Pediatr
December 2024
Laboratório de Soroepidemiologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Background: Diagnosing and predicting neonatal sepsis is challenging because of its nonspecific symptoms, lack of diagnostic criteria consensus, and absence of early, sensitive, and specific diagnostic laboratory tests.
Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of adrenomedullin (ADM), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS).
Methods: We studied 53 neonates with culture-proven LOS by sampling at admission and on antibiotic treatment days 3 and 7.
Front Microbiol
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
The emergence of the multidrug-resistant (MDR) ST131 clone has significantly impacted public health. With traditional antibiotics becoming less effective against MDR bacteria, there is an urgent need for alternative treatment options. This study aimed to isolate and characterize four lytic phages (EC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Nutr
December 2024
Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis examine the effects of okra consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with prediabetes and diabetes. Okra is a widely consumed vegetable with potential health benefits, and understanding its impact on metabolic parameters in these populations is important.
Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted up to May 2024 in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science to find relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) by using following keyword: ("okra" OR "okras" OR "") AND ("intervention" OR "controlled trial" OR "randomized" OR "randomized" OR "randomly" OR "clinical trial" OR "trial" OR "randomized controlled trial" OR "randomized clinical trial" OR "RCT" OR "blinded" OR "placebo" OR "Cross-Over" OR "parallel").
Front Med (Lausanne)
December 2024
Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Background: Due to its potent antibacterial activity, vancomycin is widely used in the treatment of sepsis. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) can optimize personalized vancomycin dosing regimens, enhancing therapeutic efficacy and minimizing nephrotoxic risk, thereby potentially improving patient outcomes. However, it remains uncertain whether TDM affects the mortality rate among sepsis patients or whether age plays a role in this outcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pediatr
December 2024
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, China.
Objective: To examine the correlation between C-reactive protein (CRP) levels at hospital admission and the length of stay (LOS) in pediatric patients with appendicitis who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy.
Methods: We retrospectively collected the clinical data from pediatric patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis and treated with laparoscopic appendectomy. Multivariate generalized linear regression analyses were performed to determine the independent relationship between CRP and LOS.
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