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Cognitive maps and schizophrenia.
Trends Cogn Sci
November 2024
Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, WC1B 5EH, UK; State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, WC1N 3AR, UK.
Structured internal representations ('cognitive maps') shape cognition, from imagining the future and counterfactual past, to transferring knowledge to new settings. Our understanding of how such representations are formed and maintained in biological and artificial neural networks has grown enormously. The cognitive mapping hypothesis of schizophrenia extends this enquiry to psychiatry, proposing that diverse symptoms - from delusions to conceptual disorganization - stem from abnormalities in how the brain forms structured representations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeighborhoods, Networks, and HIV Care Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Proposal for a Longitudinal Study.
JMIR Res Protoc
November 2024
Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, United States.
Background: The majority of people living with HIV in the United States are men who have sex with men (MSM), with race- and ethnicity-based disparities in HIV rates and care continuum. In order to uncover the neighborhood- and network-involved pathways that produce HIV care outcome disparities, systematic, theory-based investigation of the specific and intersecting neighborhood and social network characteristics that relate to the HIV care continuum must be engaged.
Objective: Using socioecological and intersectional conceptual frameworks, we aim to identify individual-, neighborhood-, and network-level characteristics associated with HIV care continuum outcomes (viral suppression, retention in care, and antiretroviral adherence) among MSM living with HIV in New York City.
Meta-analysis of the factor structure of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS).
Schizophr Res
December 2024
Austin, TX, USA.
Introduction: The SAPS and SANS was designed to measure two broad factors, but the majority of factor analyses conducted have found substantially more dimensions. To investigate their structure a meta-analysis was conducted of SAPS and SANS factor analysis.
Method: A total of 42 articles reporting 55 factor analyses were retrieved from database searches (PubMed, PsychINFO) supplemented by searches of references.
Orbitofrontal cortex hypergyrification in hallucinating schizophrenia patients: Surface ratio as a promising brain biomarker.
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol
December 2024
Mental Health Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health, Madrid, Spain; Psychiatry Department, Hospital Consortium of Vic, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Health Research and Innovation at Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC). Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Barcelona, Spain.
The study of brain gyrification may provide useful information on the cytoarchitecture and connectivity of the brain. One of the methods that have been developed to estimate brain gyrification, known as surface ratio (SR), has not yet been studied in schizophrenia. Here we aimed to assess whether SR could provide new insights on the brain structure of schizophrenia patients and the severity of symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReassessing the Mechanisms of PLN-R14del Cardiomyopathy: From Calcium Dysregulation to S/ER Malformation.
JACC Basic Transl Sci
August 2024
Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
The phospholamban (PLN) pathogenic gene variant, p.Arg14del (PLN-R14del), can lead to dilated and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, resulting in heart failure. PLN-R14del cardiomyopathy has been conceptualized as a disease caused by sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium adenosine triphosphatase 2a (SERCA2a) superinhibition.
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