AI Article Synopsis
- Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) can lead to preventable intellectual disabilities, making early diagnosis and treatment critical by primary care physicians.
- Screening for CH should occur between 2 to 5 days after birth using capillary blood from a heel prick, followed by confirming thyroid hormone levels in venous blood.
- The usual treatment involves administering levothyroxine (10-15μg/kg/day) without interruption in the first three years of life to prevent negative impacts on neurodevelopment, particularly for at-risk groups such as preterm infants or those with Down syndrome.
Article Abstract
Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a cause of preventable mental retardation; therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment by the primary care physician is very important. CH screening must be performed between the second and fifth days of life with capillary blood done with a heel prick and must be confirmed by measurement of thyroid hormones in venous blood. The most common cause of CH is thyroid dysgenesis, which may be identified by a thyroid scan carried out before initiating treatment. Treatment should be with levothyroxine (10-15μg/kg/day) and should not be delayed or suspended during the first 3 years of life due to the deleterious effect on neurodevelopment in case of low thyroid hormones during this time. Preterm or sick infants or those with Down syndrome require special consideration. This article provides diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms for CH.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmhimx.2015.05.001 | DOI Listing |
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