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Pembrolizumab Leads to Complete Response in an HIV Patient With a Solid Tumor and a Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4) Count Less Than 100.
Cureus
December 2024
Hematology/Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA.
A 58-year-old male, with a history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and stage 4 left frontotemporal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), presented with new-onset neck pain. He was diagnosed with HIV five years prior. The patient had a cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) count of 53 cells/mm³ and a high viral load, later suppressed with bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide (Biktarvy).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune deficits after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy can be long-lasting, predisposing patients to infections and non-relapse mortality. In B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), the prognostic impact of immune reconstitution (IR) remains ill-defined, and detailed cross-product comparisons have not been performed to date. In this retrospective observational study, we longitudinally characterized lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin levels in 105 B-NHL patients to assess patterns of immune recovery arising after CD19 CAR-T.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlasma anti-CD4 IgG levels are associated with poor immune recovery in people with HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy.
AIDS
February 2025
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.
A segment of people with HIV on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) continue to experience poor immune recovery, leaving them at heightened risk of non-AIDS-defining events (NAEs). The production of anti-CD4 IgG autoreactive antibodies is suggested as one contributing mechanism to these complications. Here, we found that plasma anti-CD4 levels do not discriminate immunological responders from nonresponders nor predict the occurrence of NAEs, suggesting it is unlikely a contributing immunopathological factor associated with these complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLimited restoration of T cell subset distribution and immune function in older people living with HIV-1 receiving HAART.
Immun Ageing
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.
Background: Older people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) experience a dual burden from the combined effects of aging and HIV-1 infection, resulting in significant immune dysfunction. Despite receiving HAART, immune reconstitution is not fully optimized. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of aging and HAART on T cell subsets and function in PLWH across different age groups, thereby providing novel insights into the prognosis of older PLWH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-CD4 monoclonal antibody prevents chronic graft-versus-host disease in mice by inducing immune tolerance of CD8 T cells and alleviating thymus injury.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Background: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) manifests with characteristics of autoimmune disease with organs attacked by pathogenic helper T cells. Recent studies have highlighted the role of T cells in cGVHD pathogenesis. Due to limited understanding of underlying mechanisms, preventing cGVHD after allogenic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has become a major challenge.
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