[Newborn of mother with HELLP syndrome: characteristics and role of prematurity, low birth-weight and leukopenia in evolution].

Background: HELLP syndrome is a serious hypertensive disorder of pregnancy with important neonatal problems in the newborn. The objective of this work was to determine the characteristics of these infants and its neonatal evolution.

Methods: A retrospective observational study of all newborns of mothers with HELLP syndrome born in a university hospital between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2013 was carried out. Thirty-three infants from 28 pregnancies (five twin gestations) were studied. A descriptive and comparative analysis between groups and a multivariate analysis of factors associated with mortality in the series took place.

Results: Of 33 newborns studied (2.2 newborns/1,000 infants total), two were stillbirths (6.1% of the total) and four died after birth (12.9% of live neonates) with overall perinatal mortality of 18.2%. Pregnancies in 28 infants ended before 37 weeks (84.8%) and 11 pregnancies ended before week 32 (33.3%). Seven infants weighed<1500g (four weighed <1000g). Of the 31 live births, 13 infants were in a <10th percentile weight for gestational age (41.9%), 20 needed neonatal resuscitation (64.5%) and 14 had leukopenia at birth (45.2%). In the final logistic regression, neonatal mortality was associated with extreme prematurity regardless of underweight, leukopenia and/or need for neonatal resuscitation.

Conclusions: Children of mothers with HELLP syndrome have a high mortality associated with extreme prematurity, independent of the presence of leukopenia, low weight for gestational age and need for neonatal resuscitation.