Cellular interactions between endothelial cell (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)/macrophages seem to be greatly changed under inflammatory conditions. Although simvastatin could regulate inflammatory transcription factors in EC and VSMC and also could inhibit leukocyte-endothelium interaction, whether it could modulate VSMC/macrophage functions that are induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-activated EC remained unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of simvastatin on VSMC/macrophage functions, which are induced by TNF-α-activated EC in coculture system in vitro. The results showed that under noncontacting conditions, simvastatin could reduce the proliferation, apoptosis, and TNF-α, IL-6, and vascular endothelial growth factor secretion both in VSMC and macrophage, which is induced by TNF-α-activated EC. And a hypothesis that simvastatin regulates the interactions and the soluble factors between EC and VSMC/macrophages could be drawn. And that might be a potential anti-atherosclerosis mechanism of simvastatin.
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