Aim: FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) positive AML is associated with increased relapse risk and reduced overall survival (OS) compared to non-FLT3-mutated AML. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of allelic ratio and allogeneic transplant on outcomes in FLT3-ITD+ AML.
Methods: A retrospective study across five centers in Queensland, Australia, was conducted to examine survival outcomes and impact of FLT3-ITD allelic ratio and allograft.
Results: Seventy-one patients were included in the study. OS was significantly better for patients who were able to be allografted in first complete remission (CR1; 50.1 months vs 8.5 months; P = 0.0002). We did not find allelic ratio to be predictive of outcome.
Conclusion: Transplantation in first complete remission is associated with improved outcomes for patients with FLT3+ AML. When feasible transplantation in CR1 is recommended. We do not currently recommend using allelic ratio to stratify risk unless this has been validated by local results.
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