Background: Muscle quality is a strong independent predictor of physical function. Body mass and fatness, muscle mass and cardiorespiratory fitness are known to influence muscle quality.
Objective: To identify the contributors of muscle quality in young and postmenopausal women and whether hormone replacement therapy (HT) could influence this relationship at the age of menopause.
Methods: Fifty-four postmenopausal women, 27 not on HT (PMW) and 27 on HT (PMW-HT), and 33 young women (YW) were evaluated for (1) body composition (body mass index, BMI), total fat mass (FM, %), appendicular lean mass (ALM, in kg and %), and appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI = ALM/height in kg/m); (2) absolute peak oxygen uptake (VO, in ml/min) and relative peak oxygen uptake (VO in ml/kg/min); and (3) absolute isometric knee extension strength (iKES in kg) and relative isometric knee extension strength (iKES/BMI and iKES/ALM).
Results: YW, PMW and PMW-HT had similar BMI (32.1 ± 10.2, 27.3 ± 4.7 and 26.7 ± 4 kg/m) and FM (39.8 ± 10.0, 39.8 ± 7.3 and 39.9 ± 7.1%), respectively. Correlations were found between iKES/BMI index and FM (r = -0.52), ALM (r = 0.32) and VO (r = 0.31). Regression analysis demonstrated that, in YW, total amount of variance in iKES/BMI was mostly explained by ALM (42%), whereas, in PMW and PMW-HT, it was cumulatively explained by FM along with VO (34 and 46%, respectively).
Conclusion: The main contributors of muscle quality differ between young and postmenopausal women and HT does not seem to influence this relationship.
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